PAPER 1 - The Skeletal & Muscular Systems Flashcards
- Joints. movements and muscles - Functional roles of muscles and type of contractions - Analysis of movement - Skeletal muscle contraction - Muscle contraction during exercise of differing intensities and recovery.
BAll & SOCKET JOINT
Movements Occuring at the Shoulder?
Key Muscles:
Articulating Bones -
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Horizontal Flexion/ Extension, Medial and Lateral Rotation, Circumduction.
Deltoid , Latissimus Dorsi, Pectoralis Major, Trapezius, Teres Major
Scapula, Clavicle, Humerous
HINGE JOINT
Movements Occuring at the Elbow?
Key Muscles:
Articulating Bones -
Flexion & Extension
Bicep Brachii & Tricep Brachii
Humerous, Radius, Ulna
CONDYLOID JOINT
Movements Occuring at the Wrist?
Key Muscles:
Articulating Bones -
Flexion & Extension
Wrist Flexors & Wrist Extensors
Radius, Ulna & Lunate
BALL & SOCKET JOINT
Movements Occuring at the Hip?
Key Muscles:
Articulating Bones-
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Medial and Lateral Rotation.
iliopsoas, gluteas maximus, medius and minimus
Extra Muscles - Adductor longus, Magnus & Brevis
Bones - Femur & Pelvic Girdle
HINGE JOINT
Movements Occuring at the Knee?
Key Muscles:
Articulating Bones-
Flexion & Extension
Bicep Fermoris & Rectus Femoris
Femur, Tibula, Patella
HINGE JOINT
Movements Occuring at the Ankle?
Key Muscles:
Articulating Bones-
Dorsi-Flexion & Plantar-Flexion
Tibialiis Anterior, Soleus, Gastrocnemius
Talus, Tibia , Fibia
PLANES OF MOVEMENT
Sagittal Plane
Movements that can occur:
Divides the body into left and right halves down the midline.
Flexion, Extension, Hyperflexion/ Hyperextension, Dorsi/ Plantar flexion
PLANES OF MOVEMENT
Frontal Plane
Movements that can occur:
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves.
Abduction & Adduction
PLANES OF MOVEMENT
Transverse Plane
Movements that can occur:
Divides the top and bottom of the body
Horizontal Flexion & Horizontal Extension
ROLE OF MUSCLES
Agonist
Muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint
The prime mover of a muscular contraction
ROLE OF MUSCLES
Antagonist
Muscle that opposes the agonist providing resistance for coordinated movement.
either relaxes or contracts to allow the agonist to produce movement
ROLE OF MUSCLES
Fixator
Muscle that contracts to stabalise an area of the body to enable effiicient movement.
allows MUSCLE ACTION MOVEMENT
TYPE OF CONTRACTION
Isotonic Contraction
A muscle contraction which causes a chage in length whilst also producing tension.
Creates movement at a joint
TYPE OF CONTRACTION
Isometric Contraction
A muscle contraction where the muscle stays the same length whilst producing tension.
TYPE OF CONTRACTION
Concentric Contraction
A muscle contraction which shortens whilst producing tension.