PAPER 1 TERMINOLOGY Flashcards
Euphemism
Polite expressions replacing harsher terms (eg “passed away” for “died”)
Dysphemism
Blunt or harsh expressions (eg “croaked for “died”)
Hyperbole
Exaggeration for effect
Idiom
Phrases with cultural or contextual meanings (eg “spill the beans”)
Neologisms
Newly coined words or expressions
Semantic fields
Groupings of related words to establish themes
Archaisms
Words or phrases no longer in common use
Asyndetic listing
Lists without conjunctions for impact
Polysyndetic listing
Repeated use of conjunctions for emphasis
Ellipsis
Omission of parts of sentences for informality or ambiguity
Non-standard grammar
Regional or cultural grammatical variations
Inversion
Reversing standard word order for emphasis (eg “Rarely had she felt so alone”)
Minor sentences
Incomplete sentences used for dramatic effect.
Parenthetical structures
Additional information within brackets, dashes, or commas.
Anaphora
Repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of sentences for emphasis
Intertextuality
References to other texts, events, or cultural artifacts
Code-switching
Alternating between languages, dialects, or registers
Turn-taking
Dynamics in dialogue reflecting power or cooperation
Adjacency pairs
Structured conversational exchanges
Topic shifts
Changes in conversation focus reflecting relationships or identity
Alliteration
Repetition of initial sounds
Assonance
Repetition of vowel sounds
Consonance
Repetition of consonant sounds within words
Onomatopoeia
Words imitating sounds
Rhythm
Patters of stressed and unstressed syllables creating mood or tone
Implicature
Implied meaning beyond what is explicitly stated
Politeness strategies
Language used to mitigate face-threatening acts
Deictic expressions
Words dependent on context
