PAPER 1 TERMINOLOGY

Question 1

Euphemism

Answer 1

Polite expressions replacing harsher terms (eg “passed away” for “died”)

Question 2

Dysphemism

Answer 2

Blunt or harsh expressions (eg “croaked for “died”)

Question 3

Hyperbole

Answer 3

Exaggeration for effect

Question 4

Idiom

Answer 4

Phrases with cultural or contextual meanings (eg “spill the beans”)

Question 5

Neologisms

Answer 5

Newly coined words or expressions

Question 6

Semantic fields

Answer 6

Groupings of related words to establish themes

Question 7

Archaisms

Answer 7

Words or phrases no longer in common use

Question 8

Asyndetic listing

Answer 8

Lists without conjunctions for impact

Question 9

Polysyndetic listing

Answer 9

Repeated use of conjunctions for emphasis

Question 10

Ellipsis

Answer 10

Omission of parts of sentences for informality or ambiguity

Question 11

Non-standard grammar

Answer 11

Regional or cultural grammatical variations

Question 12

Inversion

Answer 12

Reversing standard word order for emphasis (eg “Rarely had she felt so alone”)

Question 13

Minor sentences

Answer 13

Incomplete sentences used for dramatic effect.

Question 14

Parenthetical structures

Answer 14

Additional information within brackets, dashes, or commas.

Question 15

Anaphora

Answer 15

Repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of sentences for emphasis

Question 16

Intertextuality

Answer 16

References to other texts, events, or cultural artifacts

Question 17

Code-switching

Answer 17

Alternating between languages, dialects, or registers

Question 18

Turn-taking

Answer 18

Dynamics in dialogue reflecting power or cooperation

Question 19

Adjacency pairs

Answer 19

Structured conversational exchanges

Question 20

Topic shifts

Answer 20

Changes in conversation focus reflecting relationships or identity

Question 21

Alliteration

Answer 21

Repetition of initial sounds

Question 22

Assonance

Answer 22

Repetition of vowel sounds

Question 23

Consonance

Answer 23

Repetition of consonant sounds within words

Question 24

Onomatopoeia

Answer 24

Words imitating sounds

Question 25

Rhythm

Answer 25

Patters of stressed and unstressed syllables creating mood or tone

Question 26

Implicature

Answer 26

Implied meaning beyond what is explicitly stated

Question 27

Politeness strategies

Answer 27

Language used to mitigate face-threatening acts

Question 28

Deictic expressions

Answer 28

Words dependent on context