Paper 1 - Social Class Identity

Question 1

Marxism summary

Answer 1

Bourgeoisie exploit proletariats who develop class consciousness lead to revolution.

Question 2

Postmodernism summary

Answer 2

supermarket of style pick n mix
more focus on culture, social classes are fragmented (blurred/merging)

Question 3

Postmodernism - Lyon (consumer)

Answer 3

postmodern world = consumer society
expansion of pop culture result in decline of class cultures. pick n mix from diff styles

Question 4

Social class (define)

Answer 4

a group in similar economic & social situation

Question 5

Seperation by class

Answer 5

school - private tuition
health - private health care/ life insurance
housing - no mortgages/renting issues

Question 6

Judging class

Answer 6

-dressing/style -education - possessions -housing
-job -accent leisure/hobbies -holidays

Question 7

Neo-Marxist - Bourdieu (capital) {marxist}

Answer 7

Economic (wealth, inheritance)
Cultural (education, hobbies)
Social (networking, connections)

Question 8

Upper Class - Mackintosh & Mooney

Answer 8

upperclass have invisibility, cut off from society
boarding school leisure activities expensive & little known (opera)

Question 9

Upper Class - Volscho & Kelly **{marxist}

Answer 9

worker rights decreased, tax cuts to big businesses
rich getting richer, no. of super-rich increased

Question 10

Upper class vs Super-rich

Answer 10

u/c - escribed/ inherited wealth (e.g. royals)
super-rich - achieved wealth (Beckham family)

Question 10

Middle class - Devine et al (doc/teachers)

Answer 10

50 interviewed most didn’t refer to their class ( m/c )
fear being perceived as superior to others

Question 10

Middle class - Chambliss {interactionist}

Answer 10

compared two highschool gangs
w/c (roughnecks) deviance vs m/c (saints) reputation
m/c let off due to family capital speeding - they have cars

Question 11

Middle class - Fox (3 m/c) {postmodernist}

Answer 11

Lower-middle -> unskilled job, retail, less rich suburbs, mild accent
Middle-middle-> accountants, teachers. state and private
education, interested in books and theatres
Upper-middle -> inherited wealth, priv schools, similar to upper
class

Question 12

Working class - Savage (social capital)

Answer 12

Manchester- many labour workers
men belong to social clubs, basis of social life
women organise social life around local families or near contacts

Question 13

Working class - Willis

Answer 13

learning to labour
boys dont try in school bcs they going to work in factory like dad

Question 14

Working class - Jones (demonised)

Answer 14

w/c demonised by media and right-wing politics
something to be ashamed of not symbol of pride anymore

Question 15

Working class - Chambliss {Interactionist}

Answer 15

roughnecks - don’t care about education/grades
state school so teachers didn’t bother with them

Question 16

Underclass - Murray {functionalist}

Answer 16

single mothers and absent fathers
dependency culture, welfare state
faulty socialisation

Question 17

Underclass- Reay (capital lack)

Answer 17

lack of 3 capitals means harder for poorest children
families cant support children at school
lot of effort not same results schools bias to m/c

Question 18

Postmodernist - Pakulski & Waters (consume)

Answer 18

identity no longer ab what we do but what we consume and our lifestyles, things always changing. Solid idea of class replaced by more fluid reality