PAPER 1 - muscular system

Question 1

functions of the muscular system

Answer 1

• movement
• support
• heat
• protection
• blood circulation

Question 2

different types of muscles and examples

Answer 2

1. smooth - internal organs (involuntary)
2. cardiac - heart (involuntary)
3. skeletal - attached to skeleton (voluntary)

Question 3

characteristics of type I

Answer 3

• slow contraction
• low force
• does not fatigue easily
• red colour
• e.g. endurance cyclist, marathon runner

Question 4

characteristics of type IIa

Answer 4

• fast contraction
• average force produced
• medium resistance to fatigue
• pink
• e.g 400m runner

Question 5

characteristics of type IIx

Answer 5

• very fast contraction speed
• high force produced
• low resistance to fatigue
• white
• e.g. 100m sprinter

Question 6

what are the 3 types of muscle contraction?

Answer 6

1. Isotonic concentric - muscle shortening
2. Isotonic eccentric - muscle lengthening under contraction
3. Isometric contraction - muscle producing tension but staying the same length (fixed position)