Paper 1 Knowledge Gaps: Content

Question 1

Compare the equipment used for the lab process of making ammonia as compared to the industrial process of making ammonia

Answer 1

• LAB: simple equipment, prepared using a titration apparatus
• INDUSTRIAL: hugely expensive and complex

Question 2

Compare the reactant concentration for the lab process of making ammonia as compared to the industrial process of making ammonia

Answer 2

• LAB: low concentrations, less heat given off
• INDUSTRIAL: high concentrations, extremely exothermic reaction

Question 3

Compare the methods of separation used for the lab process of making ammonia as compared to the industrial process of making ammonia

Answer 3

• LAB: crystallisation, slow process
• INDUSTRIAL: heat produced to evaporate water from the reaction mixture to make very concentrated ammonia nitrate product

Question 4

What happens at the anode during a reduction?

Answer 4

• oxidation
• anions lose electrons

Question 5

What happens at a cathode during electrolysis?

Answer 5

• reduction
• cations gain electrons