Paper 1 Flashcards
Name 5 electrical components
LED light emitting diode
LDR light dependant resistor
Fixed resistor
Variable resistor
Thermistor
Fuse
Diode
any other
What does LED do?
Emit light when current is flown through forward direction
What does diode do?
Allow current to flow through one direction
What does LDR do?
Change resistance due to light intensity
High intensity leads to low resistance
What does a Thermistor do?
Change resistance due to temperature
High temperature lead to low resistance
Why cant device work with open switch?
As circuit is not closed/complete so current can not flow through
What does a fuse do?
Heats up and melt breaking the circuit so surge (high current can not flow through to person
What is blue wire and function?
Neutral wire that carries current away from device completing circut
What is brown wire and function?
Live wire that carries current to device
What is green wire and function?
Earth wire that acts as an alternative pathway for current to flow away from the device if there’s a surge preventing an electric shock
Adaptation of wire?
Copper to conduct electricity
Insulating plastic around wire to act as protection
What is a.c and d.c?
A.c is the reverse flow in direction of current in circuit due to alternating pd
D.c is current flow in one direction in circuit
Advantages and disadvantages to fuse?
Cheap
Simple
Non reuseable
What is a circuit breaker and dis/advantages?
Switches off circut when surge of current
Expensive
Reuseable
Why is a device not needed to be earthed if double insultated?
As acts as protection to electric shock since cant conduct electricity
What is static electricity?
Build up of charge in insulting materials
What happens when a rod rubs on a cloth?
Electrons rub off onto rod as attracted giving rod overall Negative charge
Cloth becomes positively charged as Electrons rub off so majority positively charged
Why does spark happen?
As build up of negative charge in object causes electrons to jump between negatively charged object and earthed object (0v) and large difference in potential difference
What arrows are on positively and negatively charged objects?
Negative - towards you arrows
Possitive - outward arrows
What is internal energy?
The energy stored by the made up of particles in a substance
The ____ internal energy, the _____ the temperature
More, higher
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy needed to heat 1kg of a subby 1⁰c
What is specific latent heat?
The exact amount of energy needed to break bonds till change of state without changing the temperature
Where does conduction happen?
In solids
What is conduction?
The vibrating of particles transferring heat and kinetic energy through collisions
Where does Convection happen?
Fluids
What is convection?
The heating of fluids so particles move fast through diffusion
What is the convection current?
The cycle of heating particles in a fluid as heated particles diffuse, pushing colder particles to area of heat where they heat up and diffuse, creating cycle
How do you prevent convection?
By stopping the flow of fluid e.g. wearing blanket
