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Small Animal > Pandystemic > Flashcards

Pandystemic Flashcards

1
Q

what are pan system disease diseases?

A

Involve multiple body systems as well as the target organ

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2
Q

What family of viruses is feline pan leukemia in and what is it related to?

A

Parvo, canine Parvo

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3
Q

What is another name for feline panleukopenia?

A

Feline distemper

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4
Q

Who primarily gets feline distemper?

A

Young unvaccinated cats

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5
Q

How is feline distemper spread?

A

Transmission by direct contact or from a contaminated environment

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6
Q

What test can test for feline distemper?

A

Canine test with Pavo

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7
Q

How long does feline distemper shed Virus remain infectious

A

Years

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8
Q

What does leukocytosis mean?

A

Low white blood cell count

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9
Q

Where does feline distemper virus Multiply.

A

My attic cells of the new natal brain, bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, intestinal, lymphoid tissue

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10
Q

What are clinical signs of feline panleukopenia?

A

Fever, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, anorexia, cerebellar hypoplasia

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11
Q

How do you diagnose feline panleukopenia?

A

CBC shows panleukopenia

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12
Q

What is the treatment for feline panleukopenia

A

Fluids, broad spectrum AB, TLC, isolation, hospitalization

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13
Q

What is a fun fact about feline panleukopenia?

A

Cats who survive have a lifelong immunity

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14
Q

What does FIP stand for?

A

Feline infectious peritonitis

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15
Q

What is FIP primarily a disease of

A

Catteries and multi cat households

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16
Q

How does one get FIP?

A

Exposure to feline coronavirus

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17
Q

What percentage of cats in catteries have antibodies to corona

A

90%

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18
Q

When do cats shed FIP

A

Intermittently

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19
Q

What is FIP contagious through

A

Faces, urine, saliva

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20
Q

When does one become infected with FIP

A

When mutation of virus occurs

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21
Q

Is FIP easier or difficult to test for

A

Difficult

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22
Q

What is the new med for FIP?

A

GS – 441524

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23
Q

What are the two forms of FIP?

A

Wet and dry

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24
Q

What are signs of the wet form of FIP?

A

Perry vasculitis results in the accumulation of fluid in the thoracic and/or abdominal cavity

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25
Q

What are signs of the dry form of FIP?

A

May have ocular or neurologic signs, signs include ataxias, seizures, and behavioral changes

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26
Q

What is the diagnosis for FIP

A

Clinical signs, rule, other disease, diseases, exam of fluid clear to yellow, less than 2000 cells per microliter, protein is greater than 3.5 g/dL

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27
Q

What is treatment for FIP?

A

Can try GS – 441524, or humane euthanasia

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28
Q

true, or false FIP is inactivated in the environment

A

True

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29
Q

Feline leukemia is a retro virus. What does this mean?

A

Neo plastic and non-neo plastic disease

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30
Q

What types of transmission are possible for feline leukemia?

A

Vertical and horizontal

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31
Q

What is necessary for transmission of feline leukemia?

A

Close contact between cats

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32
Q

True or false feline leukemia is isolated from saliva, tears, urine, milk; can be spread through fighting, grooming, contaminated objects

A

True

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33
Q

True or false: transplacental, transmammary transmission occurs during feline leukemia.

A

True

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34
Q

What can exposure to feline leukemia result in?

A
  1. Regressive infection.
  2. Progressive infection.
  3. Active infection with clinical signs.
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35
Q

True or false lymphoma is commonly associated with feline leukemia, neoplastic disease, tumors can occur anywhere

A

True

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36
Q

What is the treatment for feline leukemia?

A

Supportive care

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37
Q

Can you prevent feline leukemia with vaccination and limited exposure?

A

Yes

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38
Q

What is the testing protocol for feline leukemia?

A

All cats tested; if positive retest in 3 to 4 months or IFA test

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39
Q

True or false feline leukemia, positive cats may remain in good health for years unless stressed

A

True

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40
Q

What percent of cats die within one year of testing positive for feline leukemia?

A

50%

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41
Q

What percentage of cats die within three years of being diagnosed with feline leukemia?

A

80%

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42
Q

What are clinical signs for feline leukemia?

A

Anything

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43
Q

What is the diagnosis for feline leukemia?

A

ELISA or IFa test

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44
Q

What is the treatment for feline leukemia?

A

Symptomatic

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45
Q

What does CRF stand for?

A

Chronic renal failure

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46
Q

What is feline immuno deficiency virus also known as

A

Feline AIDS

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47
Q

True or false feline AIDS is lentivirus, similar to HIV, but antigenetically distinct

A

True

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48
Q

Is FIV species specific

A

Yes

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49
Q

How are FIV infections commonly acquired

A

Horizontal transmission among adult cats with males at greater risk due to bite wounds

50
Q

True or false kittens may get FIV antibodies from mom through milk; test is for antibodies so don’t test kittens until six months of age

A

True

51
Q

What are cats with FIV at greater risk for?

A

CRF

52
Q

What are the symptoms for FIV

A

Many, often recurring bouts of illness

53
Q

What is the diagnosis for FIV?

A

ELISA

54
Q

What is the treatment for FIV

A

Symptomatic

55
Q

True or false there is a vaccine for FIV but cats will test positive in future

A

True

56
Q

What are preventative measures for FIV

A

Keep cats indoors

57
Q

What is toxoplasmosis caused by?

A

Taxoplasma gondii – intercellular coccidian parasite

58
Q

Who is the host of toxoplasmosis?

A

Cats are only definitive host, but other mammals can serve as intermediate host

59
Q

What are the roots of transmission for toxoplasmosis

A

Eating contaminated meat, fecal, oral route, transplacental transmission

60
Q

True or false once sporulated oocytes are ingested, tachyzooites form and invade tissues of body, cats usually lung and eye

A

True

61
Q

How long do cats shed oocysts in feces

A

One to two weeks

62
Q

What is a caution for pregnant woman with toxo

A

Avoid defeating raw meat to cats, don’t clean litter box, wash hands before eating

63
Q

What are clinical signs of toxoplasmosis?

A

Depends on organs involved

64
Q

What is the diagnosis for toxoplasmosis?

A

Paired serum sample showing fourfold increase in tighter

65
Q

What should pregnant tech wear when running fecal?

A

Gloves and mask

66
Q

What are the symptoms of rabies?

A

Often vague and unrelated

67
Q

True or false rabies is a viral induced disease of mammals

A

True

68
Q

How is rabies spread?

A

Through a saliva of infected animals and may enter body through cuts or wounds in the skin or mucous membranes

69
Q

What is the incubation time for rabies?

A

3 to 8 weeks or longer

70
Q

How does rabies work through the body?

A

Enters nerves, travels to the brain, then through nerves to salivary glands

71
Q

What are the stages of rabies?

A

Prodromal stage, excitative phase, paralytic phase

72
Q

What is the prodromal stage of rabies?

A

Changes in behavior

73
Q

What is the excitative phase in rabies?

A

May appear hyperactive, though some are stuporish

74
Q

What is the paralytic phase in rabies?

A

Ascending paralysis of hindlimb leading to respiratory paralysis and death

75
Q

True or false rabies is always fatal

A

True

76
Q

How can you prevent getting rabies?

A

Get vaccinated, wear gloves to examine oral cavity, promote vaccinations for dogs, cats, horses, leave wildlife alone, assume rabies is on the differential when neural signs are present

77
Q

What is the treatment for rabies?

A

None

78
Q

What is canine distemper?

A

Viral disease of dogs, and other carnivores

79
Q

What is a paramyxovirus

A

Cleaning will kill in the environment

80
Q

True or false canine distemper is a paramyxovirus

A

True

81
Q

How is canine distemper transmitted?

A

Aerosolization of body secretions

82
Q

What are the signs of canine distemper?

A

Immuno suppression followed by secondary infections

83
Q

What is the diagnosis for canine distemper?

A

Diagnosis by clinical signs

84
Q

What is the treatment for canine distemper?

A

Supportive

85
Q

True or false canine distemper is not seen as much due to vaccinations

A

True

86
Q

What is Parvo virus?

A

Infectious enteritis

87
Q

What is Pavo virus closely related to?

A

Feline panleukopenia

88
Q

True or false Pavo virus is very resistant in the environment

A

True

89
Q

How does Pavo virus spread?

A

Feces and fecal oral root

90
Q

How does parvovirus work?

A

Virus invades rapidly dividing cells of intestinal, track, lymphoid, tissue, bone marrow, myocardium

91
Q

Who has a greater chance of severe of disease with parvovirus?

A

Dobermans and Rottweilers

92
Q

True or false parvovirus usually has a high fever and then goes to a low temp

A

True

93
Q

True or false parvovirus typically presents with profound lymphopenia and neutropenia, WBCC less than 2000

A

True

94
Q

What is the diagnosis for parvovirus?

A

Fecal ELISA for Pavo antigen

95
Q

What is the treatment for parvovirus?

A

Symptomatic

96
Q

What should you avoid in parvovirus animals?

A

SQ fluids

97
Q

What can you do to prevent parvovirus?

A

Vaccinate, virus survives, long-term in the environment

98
Q

What does RMSF stand for?

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

99
Q

What is RMSF?

A

Obligate, intracellular bacteria, tickborne

100
Q

How is RMSF transmitted

A

Attachment of the tick to the host for 5 to 20 hours

101
Q

What kind of tick spreads RMSF?

A

Dermacentor

102
Q

True or false with RMSF it replicate in vascular endothelium, causing inflammation, necrosis, vascular permability

A

True

103
Q

What are the clinical signs of RMSF?

A

Fever, anorexia, depression, edema, hypotension, weight, loss, vomiting, and diarrhea, coughing,tachypenia

104
Q

What is the treatment for RMSF?

A

Tetracyclines

105
Q

What tick spreads erlichia

A

Brown dog tick

106
Q

What is the acute stage of erlichia

A

2 to 4 weeks when organism multiplies within macrophages and spread spreads through the body

107
Q

What is the subclinical stage for erlichia

A

6 to 9 weeks, no clinical signs

108
Q

What is the chronic phase of erlichia

A

Bone marrow is suppressed producing non-regenerative anemia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia

109
Q

What is the treatment for erlichia

A

Tetracyclines

110
Q

What is erlichia ewingii and what is it spread by?

A

Acute polyarthritis, inflammation joint disease, amblyyomma teic

111
Q

What is erlichia equi and what does it spread by?

A

Nonspecific signs of severe lethargy and anorexia, ixodes

112
Q

What should you look for with erlichia

A

Thrombocytopenia

113
Q

What is the treatment for erlichia

A

Tetracyclines

114
Q

What is borreliosis commonly known as?

A

Lyme disease

115
Q

What is borrelia burgdorferi spread by

A

Ixodes

116
Q

How long must it take remain attached for the host to get to Lyme disease

A

24 to 36 hours

117
Q

What are symptoms of Lyme disease?

A

Arthritis, cardiac, neurologic, dermatologic, nephritis may occur

118
Q

What is the diagnosis for Lyme disease?

A

Clinical signs and ELISA

119
Q

What is the treatment for Lyme disease?

A

Tetracyclines

120
Q

True or false: with Lyme disease, AB may not eliminate the organism so chronic infections may occur

A

True

121
Q

True or false: with Lyme disease, AB may not eliminate the organism so chronic infections may occur

A

True

Small Animal (11 decks)

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