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NUR 210-Exam 1 > Pancreatitis > Flashcards

Pancreatitis Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the major exocrine function of the pancreas?

A

Facilitate digestion through the secretion of enzymes and hormones into proximal duodenum

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2
Q

What enzymes/hormones are secreted by the pancreas?

A

Secretin, Cholecytokinin-pancreozymin (CCK and PCZ) and protein/fat digestion

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3
Q

What is pancreatitis?

A

Inflammation of the pancreas from autodigestion

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4
Q

Obstruction of pancreatic duct, hypersection of the exocrine enzymes of the pancreas, which enter the bile duct and reflux into the pancreatic duct causes what?

A

Pancreatitis

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5
Q

What is the chief complaint in acute pancreatitis?

A

PAIN

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6
Q

What is autodigestion?

A

Process where the pancreatic enzymes destroy its own tissue leading to inflammation

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7
Q

What is acute pancreatitis?

A

Digestion of the pancreas by trypsin, usually from long-term alcohol use or can be from trauma or a viral infection

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8
Q

What’s the nursing assessment for acute pancreatitis?

A

Severe abd pain, acute and more severe after meals, abd guarding, N/V, hypotension, resp. distress and hypoxia

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9
Q

Serum amylase and lipase, elevated WBC and H/H are what?

A

Lab studies performed

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10
Q

What diagnostics can be performed?

A

CT scans or ultrasounds

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11
Q

What is done to establish pancreatic drainage or debride a necrotic pancreas?

A

Surgical intervention

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12
Q

What type of dressing are ordered for necrotic wounds that are left OPEN?

A

Wet-to-dry

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13
Q

What postacute management is done for acute pancreatitis?

A

Antacids and oral feedings (low fat, proteins)

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14
Q

What is Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangipancreatography (ERCP)?

A

Is to diagnose chronic pancreatitis and to differentiate inflammation and fibrosis from cacrinoma

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15
Q

Nursing measures to reduce pain and discomfort in a pt w/ acute pancreatitis?

A

Admin Meperidine (Demoral)*, Dilaudid or morphine; NPO TPN instead; NGT suction if needed; bed rest; report sudden increase in pain bc of possible perforation

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16
Q

Nursing measures to improve breathing pattern in a pt w/ acute pancreatitis?

A

Semi-fowlers; anticholinergic meds; pulse ox; C/DB exercises and useing IS

17
Q

Nursing measures to improve nutritional status?

A

Daily weights and nutritional labs (albumin/protein); TPN; diet high in carbs and low in fats/protein; ne heavy meals or alcohol

18
Q

What should be checked if a pt is on TPN and how often?

A

Glucose; q6hr

19
Q

Nursing measures to prevent F/E imbalances?

A

I/O; wts; monitor for ascities; IVF; blood transfusions; be alert for s/s of shock

20
Q

What can cause F/E imbalances?

A

N/V; NGT suction; fever

21
Q

What are s/s of shock?

A

Hypotension; tachycardia and pale skin

22
Q

Nursing measures to prevent pancreaticc necrosis?

A

Monitor VS; IV’s; and possible ventilatory support

23
Q

What is the major cause of morbidity and mortality?

A

Pancreatic necrosis

24
Q

What are risks from pancreatic necrosis?

A

Hemorrhage, septic shock, multiple organ failure

25
Q

Nursing measures to prevent shock and multiple organ failure?

A

Monitor CV, renal and resp. s/s

26
Q

Nursing measures to improve skin integrity?

A

Assess wounds and drain sites; consult w/ ET/WOC nurse; turn q2h; use specialty beds and assess for poor wound healing

27
Q

What is chronic pancreatitis?

A

Inflammatory disorder characterized by progressive anatomic and functional destruction of the pancreas

28
Q

Chronic alcohol abuse, hereditary disorders of the pancreas, cystic fibrosis, hypercalcemia, hyperlipidemia, meds, autoimmune conditions and either unknown are causes of what?

A

Chronic pancreatitis

29
Q

Modify behaviors that may exacerbate the natural history of the disease; enable the pancreas to heal itself; determine the cause of the abd pain and alleviate it; detect pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and restore digestion and absorption to normal and diagnose and treat endocrine insufficiency is what?

A

Th goals of medical treatment for chronic pancreatitis

30
Q

Pancreatic pseudocyst; abscess; fistula; ascities; fixed obstruction of the intrapancreatic portion of the distal common bile duct; stenosis of the duodenum w/ gastric outlet observation and variceal hemorrhage due to splenic vein thrombosis are all indications of what?

A

Surgical management

31
Q

What are pseudocysts?

A

Encapsulated collections of fluid that may develop w/in the pancreas and in the abd cavity

32
Q

What is a fistula?

A

An abnormal connection b/t organs

NUR 210-Exam 1 (9 decks)

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