Pancreatic Pathology Flashcards
Define diverticular disease
Small sacs form in the wall of the large intestine, the mucosa and submucosa move out through the muscular layer. Most commonly occurs in the sigmoid colon.
What is the 5 year percentage survival for cancer of the pancreatic head ?
0.4 %
What are the risk factors for pancreatic cancer ?
Smoking
Diabetes
Chronic pancreatitis
FAP
How should pancreatic cancer be investigated ?
CT
Blood tests
EUS + FNA
PET scan
What is the palliative treatment for pancreatic cancer ?
ERCP and stent
PTC and bypass
If pancreatic cancer may be resectable how do you investigate ?
CT
MRI
UUS
What are the two main types of surgery for pancreatic cancer ?
PPPD
Whipples procedure
Define acute pancreatitis
Acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of other tissues
How is acute pancreatitis graded ?
Mild or severe
What complications can arise from pancreatitis ?
Abscesses
Cysts
Necrosis
What are the causes of acute pancreatitis ?
G - Gallstones E - ERCP T - Tumours S - Scorpion sting M - Mumps A - Anatomical abnormality S - Surgery H - Hyperlipidemia E - Alcohol D - Drugs
What are the most common causes of acute pancreatitis ?
Drug, alcohol and gallstones
What are the main signs of acute pancreatitis ?
- N/V
- Indigestion
- Fever
- Diarrhoea
- Weight loss
- Jaundice
- Abdominal tenderness and pain
How do you treat acute pancreatitis ?
Analgesics IV fluids Antibiotics Nutrition and supplements - Enteral feeding Alcoholic counselling Steroids
How do you investigate acute pancreatitis ?
Blood tests EUS ECRP (Gallstones) CT scan MRCP