Pancreas Pathology Flashcards
Cell type that contains the pancreatic digestive proenzymes.
Acinar Gland Cells
-proenzymes (or zymogens) need to be cleaved in order to be activated
Enzyme that cleaves and activates the zymogens in the pancreas.
Trypsin
trypsinogen is zymogen form
Function of secretin on the pancreas.
Stimulates pancreatic duct cells to produce a fluid high in bicarbonate
Serves to increase the pH and neutralize the acidic chyme (partially digested food) entering the duodenum from the stomach.
Function of cholescystokinin (CCK) on the pancreas.
Stimulates pancreatic acinar cells to produce a secretion rich in digestive enzymes, which function optimally at a neutral or slightly alkaline pH.
Which two exocrine pancreatic enzymes are not synthesized in zymogen form?
- Lipase
2. Amylase
What is pancreas divisum?
Congenital variation where patients still have a patent minor duct (Santorini or dorsal) and it handles the bulk of the pancreatic flow often resulting in back up of secretions and possible pancreatitis.
What is an annular pancreas?
Congenital variation that occurs during duodenal rotation and the ventral bud of the embryonic pancreas encircles and can compress the duodenum.
Two most common bugs that cause pneumonia in cystic fibrosis patients.
- Staph a.
2. Pseudomonas a.
Pathophysiology of pancreatic insufficiency in CF patients.
Low bicarb secretion due to defective CFTR channel chlorine transport. Prevents pancreas from having serous secretions and are instead mucous-like and very viscous.
Two drugs most likely to cause pancreatitis.
- Azathioprine
2. 6-mercaptopurine
What is the worst pathological change to the pancreas resulting from chronic pancreatitis?
Irreversible Parenchymal fibrosis.
- parenchyma: functional cells of an organ
- stroma: structural or connective tissue cells of an organ
Most common cyst that forms in the pancreas.
Pseudocyst
What is suspected with “painless jaundice”?
Pancreatic Carcinoma
