Pancreas PART II Flashcards
What is Acute Pancreatitis?
an inflammatory condition of the pancreas characterized clinically by:
- abdominal pain
- elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes in the blood
What is the etiology of Acute Pancreatitis?
Gallstones and alcohol abuse
What is the Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis?
- Intraacinar activation of proteolytic enzymes
- Microcirculatory injury
- Leukocyte chemoattraction, release of cytokines and oxidative stress
- The inflammatory process in the pancreas promotes fibrosis calcifications or stones and dilated pancreatic duct.
What are the Systemic Responses in Acute Pancreatitis?
- The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
- Myocardial depression and shock
- Acute renal failure
- Metabolic complications
What is Chronic Pancreatitis?
a progressive fibro-inflammatory process of the pancreas that results in irreversible destruction of exocrine and endocrine parenchyma and fibrosis
What is the etiology of Chronic Pancreatitis?
The most common cause of chronic pancreatitis by far is long-term alcohol abuse
- Cigarette smoking
- Hereditary pancreatitis
- Ductal obstruction
- Systemic disease
- Idiopathic pancreatitis
What is Chronic Pancreatitis’ Pathogenesis?
- Hypersecretion of digestive enzymes
- inflammatory changes
- fibrosis and acinar cell loss
What are the Chronic Pancreatitis’ Clinical Features?
Two primary clinical manifestations abdominal pain, and pancreatic insufficiency
In the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer what is the Multiple genetic mutations?
- Activation of oncogene KRAS
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes such as TP53
- Inactivation of DNA repair genes
What are the Pancreatic Cancer Clinical Features?
- Pain
- jaundice
- weight loss
Adipose tissue inflammation, which leads to what?
- Systemic cytokine response
- Abnormal adipokine secretion
- Lipolysis
