Pancreas and Spleen

Question 1

Parts of the pancreas?

Answer 1

1. ) Head
2. ) Neck
3. ) Body
4. ) Tail
5. ) Uncinate process

Question 2

Where is the head of the pancreas?

Answer 2

Sits in the c shaped curve of the duodenum and it lies right of the superior mesenteric artery

Question 3

Where is the neck of the pancreas?

Answer 3

Constricted part that is in between he head and body and it lies directly behind the pylorus of the stomach

Question 4

Where is the body of the pancreas?

Answer 4

Lies to the left of the superior mesenteric artery and passes anterior to the abdominal aorta

Question 5

Where is the tail of the pancreas?

Answer 5

Only intraperitoneal part and is closely related to the hilum of the spleen and lies within the splenorenal ligament

Question 6

Where is the uncinate process of the pancreas?

Answer 6

Posterior to the superior mesenteric artery

Question 7

Function of the pancreas?

Answer 7

1. ) exocrine secretion - digestive which it release pancreatic juice
2. ) endocrine secretion - hormone which it release glucagon and insulin

Question 8

What are the internal ducts of the pancreas?

Answer 8

1. ) main pancreatic duct

2. ) accessory pancreatic duct

Question 9

Structure/route of the main pancreatic duct?

Answer 9

unites with the common bile duct and opens into the GI tract with the common bile duct via the major duodenal papilla. It runs from the tail of the pancreas, through the parenchyma of the land to the pancreatic head. It is also known as the duct of wirsung.

Question 10

Structure/route of the accessory pancreatic duct?

Answer 10

opens into the GI tract via the minor duodenal papilla and it usually communicates with the main pancreatic duct. Also known as the duct of Santorini.

Question 11

What is on the inside of the pancreatic ducts?

Answer 11

• sphincter of bile duct
• sphincter of pancreatic duct
• pancreatic duct meets with bile duct
• hepatopancreatic ampulla called the ampulla of water
• hepatopancreatic sphincter called the sphincter of oddi
• goes into the major papilla

Question 12

Arterial supply to the pancreas?

Answer 12

dual arterial supply (4 in total):

1. ) Anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery - celiac trunk from the gasproduodenal
2. ) Anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery - superior mesenteric branch
3. ) Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery -superior mesenteric branch
4. ) Posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery - superior mesenteric branch

Question 13

What is the venous drainage of the pancreas?

Answer 13

Pancreatic veins part of the portal system so they go to the liver first before going to the heart.

• most veins follow the arteries so most will drain into the splenic vein
• some especially around the head will drain into the superior mesenteric vein
• ultimately drain into the hepatic portal vein

Question 14

Why can the spleen be damaged easily ?

Answer 14

because it has little CT

Question 15

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 15

In the upper left quadrant

Question 16

The spleen is an …..peritoneal organ and lies on the …..line

Answer 16

intraperitoneal and on the midaxillary line

Question 17

The spleen is the …… lymphatic organ in the body

Answer 17

largest

Question 18

the spleen is capable of ……. and ….. contraction

Answer 18

marked expansion and rapid contraction

Question 19

Is the spleen a vital organ?

Answer 19

Nope

Question 20

What are the close anatomical relationships of the spleen?

Answer 20

anteriorly - stomach
posterolaterally - left dome of diaphragm and ribs 9,10,11
medially - left colic flexure
inferiorly - left kidney and pancreas tail

Question 21

Arterial supply to the spleen?

Answer 21

Splenic artery which branches from the celiac trunk.

Question 22

Features of the splenic artery?

Answer 22

• it is the largest artery of the celiac trunk
• it is tortuous in nature
• lies posterior to the abdominal wall and is it is immediately posterior to the momental momental bursa behind the peritoneum
• courses along the superior border of the pancreas

Question 23

What is the venous drainage of the spleen?

Answer 23

The splenic vein is formed by many tributaries that leave the hilum of the spleen. It runs posterior to the body of the pancreas and so:
inferior mesenteric –> splenic vein –> superior mesenteric vein (unites with it) –> hepatic portal vein