PANCE prep 1 Flashcards
most common site for aortic aneurysm?
infrarenal aorta (aka abdominal)
12 year old girl with prolonged menstrual bleeding, bruising, prolonged aPTT and normal PT. what condition does she likely have?
Von willenbrand Dz
characteristic sign of hemophilia B?
bleeding into joints
MC x-linked genetic dz
hemophilia A (deficiency of plasma clotting factor VIII)
what is hemophilia B?
deficiency of plasma coagulation factor IX
CD4 count <200 need prophylaxis for what? what drug is used?
PJP (pneumocystitis jiroveci pneumonia) with TMP/SMX
CD4 counts <100 need prophylaxis for what?
toxoplasmosis and cryptococcus
CD4 counts <50 need prophylaxis for what?
CMV and MAC
txt for torsades?
unstable = defib stable = Mg
men experiencing problems with prostate dysfunction should receive what screening tests?
prostate-specific antigen test + DRE (for CA) UA (for infection)
MC childhood cancer and what ages does it MC occur?
ALL, 2-4yo
screening for AAA?
USPTF recommends a one-time screen for all men 65-75yo w/ any history of smoking.
cough, coryza (runny nose) and conjunctivitis may indicate what infectious childhood dz?
measles (rubeola)
-also with koplik spots (white/blue on buccal mucosa)
recommended treatment for human bites
Augmentin
what is addisons disease?
adrenal insufficiency from destruction or dysfxn of adrenal cortex
tests for addisons disease
low plasma cortisol land high ACTH
GOLD: cosyntropin stimulation test - rise in serum cortisol of 20 mcg/dL after administration with synthetic ACTH= normal functioning cortex
This is characterized by lateralization to the right ear with Weber test, and bone conduction > air conduction of the right ear with Rinné test.
conductive hearing loss of right ear
initial treatment for acute closure angle glaucoma
acetazolamide - carbonic anyhydrase inhibitor. reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing formation of aqueous humor
MC elbow fracture in pediatric trauma
supracondylar humerus Fx - present with posterior fat pad +/- anterior fat pad (sail sign)
1 week intermittent ear fullness, off- balance w/ moving the head. Hx of smoking, no URI. bogginess of nasal conchae = Dx?
eustachian tube dysfxn : unknown etiology but increased risk with smoking/smoke exposure
txt for eustachian tube dysfxn
intranasal corticosteroids
MC cardiac abnormality with lupus?
pericarditis
does a ganglion cyst transluminate?
YES
2yo w/ acute fatigue, anorexia, painful mouth lesions - small vesicles w/ red base and ulceration that bleed when scraped - on lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, hard palate = Dx?
gingivostomatitis (HSV 1)