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Lower Limb > Palpations > Flashcards

Palpations Flashcards

1
Q

Palpate and mark the PSIS

A

Trace backwards along the iliac crest. In ladies found in dimples, in men small raised tubercles (dimples of venus)

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2
Q

Palpate and mark the ASIS

A

Situated at the anterior end of the iliac crest

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3
Q

Palpate the Greater Trochanter

A

Run hands down from the middle of the crest 7-10 cm.

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4
Q

Palpate the Ischial Tuberosity

A

In sitting, the body rests on these and can be rest underneath this area. Side lying, palpate medially from the greater trochanter (hip abduction to check)

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5
Q

Palpate and mark the Pubic Tubercle

A

Hold patients hand and slowly move their hand down until they feel a bony prominence

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6
Q

Mark the Femoral Triangle and palpate its borders

A

Faber’s position (i.e. the heel of the leg resting on the opposite knee).

  • Inguinal ligament superiorly
  • Adductor longus medially
  • Sartorius laterally
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7
Q

Palpate the Femoral Artery

A

Passes just inferior to the inguinal ligament

NAVY (Nerve, artery, vein, Y fronts) Lateral to Medial

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8
Q

Mark the Inguinal Ligament

A

Find the pubic tubercle and the ASIS. The inguinal ligament forms a line between these landmarks

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9
Q

Palpate the Med and Lat Epicondyles of the Femur

A

Pass down the medial and lateral sides of femur.

Epicondyles are in the centre of the condyles and are prominent

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10
Q

Palpate the Adductor Tubercle

A

Above the medial epicondyle is a small prominence of bone (attachment for adductor magnus tendon)

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11
Q

Palpate the Tibial Plateau

A

Superior surface of the tibia. Can be palpated in knee flexion

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12
Q

Palpate the Tibial Tuberosity

A

Upper end of the anterior border of tibia

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13
Q

Palpate the Head of Fibula

A

Lies posterolateral to tibia.
Come laterally from the tibial tuberosity
Can get the pt to medially rotate the knee to check

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14
Q

Palpate the Med and Lat Condyles of the Tibia

A

2cm higher than tibial tuberosity.

  • Knee flexion. Thumbs on either side of the patella ligament.
  • Move thumbs upwards to reach condyles
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15
Q

Palpate the Trochlear Groove

A

Patella sits in this groove.

-Knee extension (with relaxed quads) push patella to the side and feel femur underneath (dip in surface)

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16
Q

Palpate Gerdy’s Tubercle

A
  • Most prominent projection on the lateral tibia condyle.
  • Midway between head of fibula and and tibial tuberosity
  • Attachment of IT band
17
Q

Palpate and mark the Collateral Ligaments of the knee

A

Medial: Strong, flat band approx 9cm.
Find medial epicondyle of femur. MCL runs down from here to the medial condyle of tibia and shaft.

Lateral: cord, approx 5cm. Find in Faeber’s position.
Palpate for the lateral epicondyle of the femur
LCL runs down from here to the head of fibula

18
Q

Palpate the Popliteal Fossa

A

-Pt supine. Diamond shape on the posterior aspect of the knee (prominent with resisted knee extension).
Inferior boundaries: medial and lateral heads of gastrocs
Superior boundaries: medial and lateral hamstrings tendon.

19
Q

Find the Popliteal Pulse

A

Pulse can be found on deep palpation of the fossa (pulse is medial to the tibial nerve)

  • Place fingers in popliteal fossa
  • Flex pt’s knee progressively (pulse should become more prominent)
  • Apply deep but sensitive pressure
20
Q

Palpate the Peroneal Tubercle

A

Bony point. 1cm inferior and just anterior to the tip of the lateral malleolus.

Eversion of the foot: peroneus longus and peroneus brevis become prominent.
Peroneus brevis is above tubercle and longus is below

21
Q

Palpate the Tuberosity of the Navicular

A

-It’s anterior to the medial malleolus

22
Q

Palpate the Sustentaculum Tali and the spring ligament (calcaneonavicular)

A
  • Below talus on the medial side (calcaneus)

- Spring ligament is from the tali to the navicular

23
Q

Palpate and mark the 1st Metatarsal and Medial Cuneiform

A

Medial cuneiform: is anterior to the navicular

Base of 1st Metatarsal is anterior to the medial cuneiform

24
Q

Palpate the Cuboid

A

-Posterior to the base of the 5th Metatarsal

25
Q

Palpate the Tuberosity of the 5th Metatarsal

A

-Move anteriorly from the calcaneus (lateral border of the foot)

26
Q

Palpate the Head of the Talus

A
  • Below medial malleolus when foot is everted

- Anterior to lateral malleolus when foot is inverted

27
Q

How would you find the Dorsal Pedal Artery Pulse

A

-Between the 1st and 2nd Metatarsals

28
Q

How would you find the Posterior Tibial Artery Pulse

A

-Halfway between posterior surface of medial malleolus and medial border of tendo calcaneus

Lower Limb (5 decks)

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