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Lower Limb > Hip Joint Plan > Flashcards

Hip Joint Plan Flashcards

1
Q

Classify the hip joint

A

Synovial ball and socket joint

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2
Q

What are the bones / articulation of the hip joint?

A

Acetabulum made from ilium, pubis and ischium

Articulates with head of femur

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3
Q

What type of cartilage is at the hip joint & what is its function?

A

Hyaline cartilage

Reduce friction and shock absorption

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4
Q

What are the 3 bursae at the hip joint?

A
  1. Trochanteric bursa - subgluteus medius bursa and subgluteus maximus bursa
  2. Iliopsoas bursa
  3. Ischial bursa
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5
Q

Describe the capsule of the hip joint

A

Attached to articular margins and is tight posteriorly, strengthened by ligaments

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6
Q

Describe the synovial membrane of the hip joint

A
  1. Lines the capsule
  2. Secrets synovial fluid which nourishes cartilage
  3. Removes waste
  4. Reduced friction
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7
Q

Name the ligaments of the hip joint

A
  1. Iliofemoral ligament
  2. Pubofemoral ligament
  3. Ischiofemoral ligament
  4. Ligamentum teres
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8
Q

How many degrees of freedom is at the hip?

A

3

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9
Q

What are the permitted movements at the hip joint?

A

Extension / Flexion
Abduction / Adduction
Internal / External rotation
Circumduction

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10
Q

What arteries supply the hip?

A
  1. Circumflex artery

2. Branches of deep femoral and branch of obturator artery in ligamentum teres

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11
Q

What nerves supply the hip?

A

Branches of the femoral, obturator, gluteal and sciatic nerves

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12
Q

Name the hip extensors

A
  1. Gluteus maximus
  2. Biceps femoris
  3. Semitendinosus
  4. Semimembranosus
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13
Q

Name the hip flexors

A
  1. Psoas major
  2. Iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas major)
  3. Rectus femoris
  4. Sartorius
  5. Pectineus
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14
Q

Name the hip adductors

A

THREE DUCKS PECKING GRASS

  1. Pectineus
  2. Adductor brevis
  3. Adductor longus
  4. Adductor magnus
  5. Gracilis
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15
Q

Name the hip abductors

A
  1. Gluteus medius
  2. Gluteus minimus
  3. Tensor facia latae
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16
Q

Name the medial hip rotators

A
  1. Gluteus medius (anterior part)
  2. Gluteus minimus (anterior part)
  3. Tensor facia latae
17
Q

Name the lateral hip rotators

A
  1. Piriformis
  2. Gemellus superior
  3. Obturator internus
  4. Gemellus inferior
  5. Obturator externus
  6. Quadratus femoris
18
Q

Gluteus maximus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A 
1. Lateroposterior surface of sacrum and coccyx
Gluteal surface of ilium(behind posterior gluteal line)
2. Iliotibial tract
Gluteal tuberosity of femur
3. Extends thigh at hip
Laterally rotates thigh at hip
Abducts thigh at hip
4. Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1,S2)
19
Q

Gluteus medius

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Outer surface of ilium, between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines
  2. Lateral and superior surfaces of the greater trochanter
  3. Abducts thigh at hip
    Anterior fibres - medially rotate the thigh
    Posterior fibres - laterally rotate the thigh
  4. Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
20
Q

Gluteus minimus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Outer surface of ilium, between the anterior and inferior gluteal line
  2. Anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
  3. Abducts thigh
    Anterior fibres - medially rotate thigh
  4. Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
21
Q

Piriformis

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Anterior surafec of lateral sacrum
  2. Greater trochanter along its upper medial surface
  3. Laterally rotates thigh
  4. Branch of sacral plexus (S1, S2)
22
Q

Quadratus femoris

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Ischial tuberosity
  2. Quadrate tubercle near base of greater trochanter and intertrochanteric crest of femur
  3. Laterally rotates thigh
  4. Branch of sacral plexus (S1, S2)
23
Q

Tensor facia latae

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Anterior iliac crest
  2. Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
  3. Abducts thigh at hip
    Medial rotates hip
  4. Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1)
24
Q

Adductor brevis

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Lateral surafce of inferior ramus of pubis
  2. Proximal portion of linae aspera
  3. Adducts thigh at hip
  4. Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
25
Q

Pectineus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Pectineal line along superior ramis of pubis
  2. Posterior surface of femus inferor to the lesser trochanter
  3. Adducts thigh at hip
  4. Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
26
Q

Gracilis

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Inferior border of pubic body near symphsis
  2. Proximal medial surafce of tibia (part of pes anserinus)
  3. Adducts thigh at hip
  4. Obturator nerve (L3,L4)
27
Q

Adductor magnus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Oblique head - inferior ramus of pubis & ischial ramus
    Vertical head - ischial tuberosity
  2. Oblique head - gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera & proximal supracondylar line of femur
    Vertical head - adductor tubercle of femur
  3. Adducts thigh at hip
  4. Oblique head - obturator nerve (L2-L4)
    Vertical head - sciatic nerve (L2-L4)
28
Q

Adductor longus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Superior aspect of pubis
  2. Middle third of linea aspera of femur along medial lip
  3. Adducts thigh at hip
  4. Obturator nerve (L3-L4)
29
Q

Psoas major

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Bodies and bases of transverse processes of L1-L5
  2. Lesser trochanter of femur
  3. Flexes at the hip
    Flexes vertebral column (torso)
30
Q

Rectus femoris

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium above the acetabulum
  2. Quadriceps tendon to base of patella and onto tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
  3. Flexes thigh at hip
    Extend the knee
  4. Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
31
Q

Gemellus superior

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Ischial spine
  2. Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
  3. Laterally rotates the hip
  4. Obturator nerve (L5-S1)
32
Q

Iliacus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Iliac fossa
  2. Lesser trochanter of femus
  3. Flexes the thigh at the hip
  4. Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
33
Q

Sartorius

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Anterior superior iliac spine
  2. Proximal tibia, medial to tibial tuberosity (part of pes anserinus)
  3. Flexes thigh at hip
    Medially rotates knee
  4. Femoral nerve (L2-L3)
34
Q

Semitendinosus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Ischial tuberosity of os coxa
  2. Proximal tibia, medial to tibial tuberosity (part of pes anserinus)
  3. Extends thigh at hip
    Flexes leg at knee
    Medially rotates knee when knee is flexed
  4. Tibial portion of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
35
Q

Semimembranosus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Ischial tuberosity of os coxa
  2. Posterior medial condyle of tibia
  3. Extends thigh at hip
    Flexes leg at knee
    Medially rotates knee when knee is flexed
  4. Tibial portion of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
36
Q

Biceps femoris

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Long head - Ischial tuberosity of os coxa
    Short head - distal linea aspera & lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
  2. Long & short head - head of fibular and lateral condyle of tibia
  3. Extends thigh at hip
    Flexes leg at knee
    Laterally rotates leg at knee when knee is flexed
  4. Long head - Tibial portion of sciatic nerve (S1-S3)
    Short head -common peroneal nerve (L5, S1,S2)
37
Q

Obturator internus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Inner surface of obturator membrane and rim of pubis and ischium bordering membrane
  2. Middle part of medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
  3. Laterally rotates the hip
  4. Obturator nerve (L5, S1, S2)
38
Q

Obturator externus

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Outer obturator membrane , rim of pubis and ischium bordering it
  2. Trochanteric fossa on medial surface of greater trochanter
  3. Laterally rotates the hip
  4. Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
39
Q

Gemellus inferior

  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Upper border of ischial tuberosity
  2. Middle part of medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
  3. Laterally rotates the hip
  4. Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4/5, S1)

Lower Limb (5 decks)

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