Palate, pharynx and larynx Flashcards
What bones are involved with the palate and pharynx?
Hyoid
Mandible
Maxilla
Where is the hard palate found?
Anterior superior
What bone makes up the hard palate?
Maxilla
Where is the soft palate found?
Posterior superior
What are the three parts of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
What is the frenulum?
Membrane linking tounge to floor of mouth
What vein can be seen on the floor of the mouth?
Deep lingual vein
What is the sublingual caruncle?
Opening for the submandibular salivary gland
What two muscles make up the floow of the mouth?
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
Describe the geniohyoid
Superior of two muscles and runs from the middle of the hyoid to middle of mandible
Describe the mylohyoid
Inferior of the two muscles and runs from the whole anterior hyoid to whole of mandible
What are our three main salivary glands?
Parotid- Behind ear
Sublingual
Submandibular
Where is the secretory opening for the parotid glands?
By upper 2nd molar
Where is the secretory opening for the submandibular gland?
Lingual caruncle
Where is the secretory opening for the sublingual gland?
Directly superior to them
What innervates the salivary glands?
CNVII
Chorda tympani branch for sublingual
What kind of muscle makes up the tongue?
Skeletal
How is the tongue split up?
Anterior 2/3
Posterior 1/3
Describe the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Horizontal and in oral cavity
General sensory- V3
Taste VII
Describe the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Vertical and not in oral cavity
Taste and sense by CNIX
What kind of buds do we have on our tongues?
4: Foliate- Foliage like Vallate Fungiform- Mushroom like Filiform- temperature and touch. Filament like
What two categories of muscle are associated with the tongue?
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
What do intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?
Modify shape of tongue
What do extrinsic muscles of the tongue do?
Change the position of the tongue
What nerve supplies the muscles of the tongue?
CNXII
How do you test CNXII?
Get them to stick their tongue out
What is the top of the tongue called?
Dorsum
What is the area around the teeth called?
GIngiva
What are the arches of the soft palate made up of?
Skeletal muscle
What nerve supplies the muscles of the soft palate?
CNX mainly
What is the function of the soft palate?
Stop food going up the nose
Direct air when speaking
how do you test CNX?
Look at uvula and it deviates away from damaged side
What are the muscle layers of the pharynx?
Outer circular
Inner longitudinal
What nerve innervated the muscles of the pharynx?
CNX
Where are the tonsils found?
Oropharynx
What tonsils do we have?
Palatine
Lingual
Pharyngeal- Adenoids
Tubal
What are the two arches of the soft palate called?
Palatoglossus
Glossopharyngeal
List the tonsils from superior to inferior
Pharyngeal- Adenoids
Tubal
Palatine
Lingual
List the important lymph nodes of the head
Submental Submandibular Retropharyngeal Jugulodigastric Deep cervical
What is the common name for the larynx?
Voice box
Where does the larynx start and finish?
Under the hyoid to trachea
What is the point of the larynx?
Regulate airflow
Prevent aspiration
What is the larynx made of?
Cartilage jointed by ligaments
Where is the larynx situated?
Pretracheal fascia
What is contained in the pretracheal fascia?
Strap muscles Thyroid Trachea and larynx Oesophagus and pharynx Recurrent laryngeal N
What parts of the larynx should be palpable?
Hyoid
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
What membrane links the hyoid bone to the thyroid cartilage?
Thyroid membrane
What is an important part of the larynx?
Epiglottis
What are the three main bits of cartilage in the larynx?
Thyroid
Cricoid
Arytenoid
Name some features of the larynx
Epiglottis False vocal cord- vestibular fold Vocal cord- vocal fold laryngeal ventricle Infraglottic cavity
What is the rima glottidis?
Space between vocal cords
Name 4 neck features that should be palpable
Submandibular sal glands
Trachea
Carotid bifurcation
Thyroid
