Pakistan and the Muslim World Flashcards
Foundations of Relations with Muslim World
Question: What motivated the demand for a separate Muslim state during the Pakistan movement?
Answer: The demand for a separate Muslim state was motivated by Pan-Islamism and Islamic values, reflecting a deep-rooted affiliation with Islamic countries on the basis of religion.
Question: How did the principles of policy in Pakistan’s constitutions reflect its approach to Muslims and their heritage?
Answer: The principles of policy in all constitutions carried a special attachment for Muslims and their heritage, reflecting a continued love for Muslim brotherhood during and after independence.
Support for Independence
Question: Which countries received full moral support for their independence from Pakistan?
Answer: Pakistan provided full moral support for the independence of Indonesia, Tunis, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Sudan, and Eritrea.
Palestine and OIC
Question: What has been Pakistan’s stance on the Palestinian cause?
Answer: Pakistan, being a Muslim state, has consistently supported the national rights of the Palestinian people, condemning Israeli policies and supporting the creation of an independent Palestinian state.
Question: What is the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC), and how has Pakistan been involved?
Answer: The OIC is the largest Muslim forum globally. Pakistan, among 51 Muslim nations, attended its inaugural session in Rabat (1969) and hosted the second conference in Lahore (1974). Pakistan aims to make the OIC an effective forum addressing political, economic, technical, and scientific matters, with consistent support on Kashmir issues.
RCD, ECO, and Muslim World Relations
Question: What regional cooperation agreements did Pakistan sign with Iran and Turkey in 1964?
Answer: Pakistan, Iran, and Turkey signed the Regional Cooperation Development (RCD) in July 1964, later renamed the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) in 1985.
Question: How has Pakistan’s relationship been with various Muslim countries?
Answer: Pakistan maintains good relations with Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, and other Gulf States, with economic ties strengthening after the construction of Gwadar port.
Relations with Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Libya, and Jordan
Question: Describe Pakistan’s relations with Iran.
Answer: Pakistan and Iran share neighboring borders and have a long history of cultural ties. Iran was the first country to recognize Pakistan, and both nations collaborated in various international arrangements.
Question: How does Pakistan view its relations with Turkey?
Answer: Pakistan and Turkey have a long history of close and cordial relations, contributing to multilateral arrangements such as CENTO, RCD, and ECO.
Question: What can be said about Pakistan’s relations with Egypt?
Answer: While initially having reservations due to ties with the West, Pakistan supported Egypt during conflicts with Israel. Relations improved significantly after the death of Nasser in 1970.
Question: How has Pakistan’s relationship been with Libya?
Answer: Colonel Qazzafi has been a great well-wisher and supporter of Pakistan, especially during American air raids in 1986.
Question: Describe Pakistan’s relations with Jordan.
Answer: Pakistan and Jordan have maintained cordial relations, with King Hussain having special regard for Pakistan. This tradition continued under King Abdullah, involving military relationships, trade, and diplomatic exchanges.
Relations with Afghanistan, Bangladesh
Question: What role did Afghanistan play in Pakistan’s foreign relations?
Answer: Afghanistan initially created problems for Pakistan by siding with the ‘Pakhtunistan’ issue. The Soviet military intervention and the rise of Mujahideen groups and Taliban brought major changes in world diplomacy.
Question: How did Pakistan’s relations with Bangladesh evolve?
Answer: Initially bitter, relations normalized after recognizing Bangladesh in 1974. Both countries worked together in SAARC and the OIC.
