Pain - Midterms Flashcards
Unpleasant, complicated sensory and emotional experience initiated by a noxious stimulus associated with actual or potent tissue damage
Pain
Physioanatomical process whereby an impulse is generated, following application of adequate stimulus
Whenever there is stimulus your body perceives that there is stimulus and is transmitted to the CNS
HOW EASILY PAIN IS FELT
Pain perception/sensitivity
Pscyphysiological process that represent the individual’s overt manifestation to what just occured
Dependent on the subject and the stimulus; overall manifestation to stimulus; depend on the subject and the stimulus
Pain reaction
Hypo reactive patient are?
High tolerance of pain
A response when we are shock; change of posture
Startle response
Withdraw of the body part that is in contact with painful stimulus
Flexion reflex and postural readjustment
Enunciation/ you react to the painful stimulus
Vocalization
Check if there is tissue damage, we also do first aid to soothe pain
Examination of the area
Recalling of the past experience past painful experience that is similar to what happen
Evocation of past experience
Foretelling of what will happen
Prediction of the consequence
Lowest intensity of stimulus that produces the first perception of pain
Pain threshold
When can we start feeling the pain in high pain threshold?
When there is a big amount of pain
When can we feel low pain stimulus?
When there is a small amount of pain
Most intense pain stimulus that can be endured
Pain tolerance
High pain tolerance =?
Big amount of stimulus endured
Low pain tolerance = ?
Small amount of pain endured
Factors
Depends on what the reaction or emotion or perception of the patient; depend on the attitude to the procedure, operator and surrounding
Emotional states
Factors
Well rested and had good night sleep patient will experience decreased pain reaction than patients who are not
Fatigue
Factors
Older individuals tend to tolerate pain than younger individuals, the older you are the better tolerance of pain ( due to unpleasant past experience )
Age
Factors
Latin american and southern europeans are more emotional than those who lived in warmer climates have lower pain tolerance than those who lived in colder areas
Racial and national characteristics
Factors
Males are generally considered to have higher pain threshold than women
Sex
Factors
Individuals who feel fearful and apprehensive have lower pain threshold, they magnify the pain even if there is no stimuli ( more of physiological than physical )
Fear and apprehension
What is the most widely accepted theory of pain perception?
Gate control theory
Pain felt at a site other than where the cause is situated
Referred pain
