Mechanism Of Tooth Eruption Flashcards by Alex Ko Kam

Having one set of teeth

Animals like beluga whale dolphin, porpoise and the narwhal

Monophyodont

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Having two sets of teeth
Two dentitions. The deciduous and permanent

Diphyodont

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Month of emergence of deciduous teeth

6months ( mandi central incisor ) - 2 1/2 yo second molar

20 teeth total

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Age where emergence of permanent teeth starts

6yo - 21 above
Permanent mandibular central incisor , wisdom tooth same ra (17-21)
32 total teeth

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Age where mixed dentition occur

6yo to 11 1/2 yo

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Endless succession of teeth

Teeth are exfoliated or lost are soon be replaced

Polyphyodont

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3 broad categories of tooth eruption

Continuously growth tooth
Continuously extruding tooth
Continuously erupting tooth

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Type of broad cat:

There is a continuous growth of the tooth at the apex and continuous eruption throughout the life of the animal

Continuously growing tooth

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Type of broad cat:

No gross separation between the anatomical crown and anatomical root

Continuously growing tooth

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This form of tooth is characteristics of animals with rapid occlusal wear and eruption

Continuously growing tooth

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Type of broad cat:

Has a defined crown and anatomical root

Continuously extruding tooth

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Continuously extruding tooth cannot form new tooth structure, this results to an?

Gradual loosening and final exfoliation of the tooth

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Type of broad cat:

No new tooth structure is being formed, results to gradual loosening and final exfoliation of the tooth

Continuously extruding tooth

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This tooth form is characteristics of the lower incisors of sheep and cattle

Continuously extruding tooth

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Type of broad cat:

As the tooth is worn, more of the anatomical cron extrudes and epithelial attachment migrates apically

Continuously extruding tooth

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Type of broad cat:

Eruption does not occur by enlargement of the anatomical crown but rather by addition of the alveolar process

Continuously erupting tooth

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Characteristic of human teeth

Continuously erupting tooth

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Difference of tooth emergence and tooth eruption

EMERGENCE: refers to the initial stage of tooth development where it begins from beneath, the gum tissue, deep within the jawbone
EMERGENCE: occurs before tooth becomes visible or erupts through the gum tissue
EMERGENCE: formation of the tooth bud an the development of tooth crown, root and surrounding structure

ERUPTION: a fully developed tooth starts to move and break through the gum tissue, becoming visible in the mouth
ERUPTION: is a process by which a tooth “emerges” from the gum and takes its place in the dental arch

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PHASE

The enamel organ lying within the developing jaw reaches full size along with completion of tooth crown calcification

Pre eruptive phase

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PHASE

Movement of the developing and growing tooth germs within the alveolar process before tooth formation

Pre eruptive phase

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Shift of the entire tooth germ

Bodily movement

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Part of the tooth continues to grow while the rest of the tooht remains constant

Eccentric growth

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Direction in which the primary tooth moves

Occlusal and facial direction

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Direction in which the permanent tooth moves

Lingual to primary

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All movement within this phase takes place with the cryptos of the developing an growing crowns before root formation

Pre eruptive phase

Begins with root formation, PDL and dentinogingival junction

Eruptive or pre functional phase

When does eruptive phase completes

When the tooth reaches the occlusal plane

Eruptive phase starts with?_____ and end with????

Starts - initiation of root formation Ends - with the teeth reaching the occlusal contact

5 major events in pre functional stage

SISCA Secretory phase Intraosseous stage Supraosseous stage Clinical eruptive Active eruption

Pre functional stage where amelogenesis is completed just before the onset of rot formation

Secretory phase

pre functional stage where root formation begins due to proliferation of epithelial root sheath and mesenchymal tissues of the dental papilla and dental follicle

Intraosseous tage

Pre functional stage where it begins when the eruptive tooth moves occlusally through the bone of the crypts and connective tissue of the oral mucosa

Supraosseous stage

Pre functional stage here the tip of the crown enters the oral cavity by breaking through the double layer of epithelial cells

Clinical eruptive

In clinical eruptive stage of pre functional, formation of the root is what by now?

Half to three quarters of the root has already been formed

Pre functional stage where the erupting tooth continues to move occlusally at a maximum rate

Active eruption

In the pre functional stage of active eruption, what is the condition of the tooth by now=?

The clinical crown is exposed through the separation of the epithelium cells from the crown

Small tooth movements that occur after the tooth has reached the occlusal plane

Post eruptive or functional phase

This tooth movement maintain the position of the erupted tooth while the jaw continues to grow and it compensates occlusal and proximal wear

Post eruptive or functional phase

What happens when the occlusal is establishewd?

Principal fibers of the PDL are established into separate groups And Nerves develop from the apex to the gingival

Factors that affect tooth eruption

GARIP V Gubernacular cord Alveolar bone growth Root growth Interpulpal pressure PDL Vasodilation

Connects the follicles of permanent teeth to the oral mucosa, controlling the movement of the developing teeth through the growing jaws

Gubernacular cord

Remnants of dental lamina and connective tissues which are found in successional teeth

Gubernacular cord

Provides a path of least resistance and is actively engaged in pulling the tooth out from the underlying tissues

Gubernacular cord

Continued alveolar bone deposition results in the eruption of the teeth to their occlusal location

Alveolar bone growth

Ectomesenchymal cells of the alveolar bone growth

Osteoblast

Pressure generated from the growing root-end may result in the resorption at the base of the alveolar socket

Root growth

Once a ooth has enetrated into the oral cavity, there must be some form of pressure change favoring eruption: and such change of pressure may be derived from the vascular pressure within the pulp cavity

Interpulpal pressure

Fractional forces are generated within the oblique fibers system of the PDL due to the cross-linking and aggregation that occurs during the collagen maturation

PDL

Fibroblasts within the PDL may generate an eruptive force either by contractility or loco motor activity

PDL

Causes an increased eruption as blood vessels becomes bigger

Vasodilation

Increased blood to th tooth causes faster tooth eruption

Vasodilation

Xcess of blood in the area

Hyperemia

This theory states that there is a ligament at the base of the socket passing from one body wall to the other This ligament protects the bone at the base from resorption and allows only an outward growth of tooth

Cushion hammok theory (harry sicher)

This theory states that it acts like a fixed base

Cushion hammok theory (harry sicher)

This theory assumes that the proliferating root ecounters a fixed structure: and the apically directed force is converted into a reactive occlusal force that causes coronal movement of the erupting tooth

Root formation theory

This theory suggests that a local increase in tissue fluid pressure in the periapical region is sufficient to move the tooth

Hydrostatic pressure theory

“Vascular pressure/blood vessel thrust theory”

Hydrostatic pressure theory

This theory based on; boneresorption occurs coronally and bone apposition occurs apically. The dental follicle is the source of osteoblasts and osteoclast

Bone remodeling theory

This theory is based on the postulation that PDL - dental follicle complex possesses eruptive force due to traction power that fibroblasts have

PDL traction theory

This theory postulates that follicular soft tissues detect bite-forces and so direct bone remodeling with the effect of enabling tooth eruption

Bite forces sensed by soft tissue dental follicle theory

Hypothesized that tooth eruption depends on?

Space in the pathway-of eruption Pressure from below Adaptation of the periodontal membrane

this theory postulates that the root membrane acts as a glandular membrane. So, the innervation in this membrane causes pressure in the apical part of the tooth which results in tooth eruption

Innervation - provoked pressure theory

This theory postulates that the eruption of the tooth is balanced in response to the growth of the vertical growth of the mandible

Equilibrium theory

This theory postulates these balancing forces of masticatory function and the soft tissue pressure from the lips, cheeks, and tomgue re the rate limiting factors of postfunctional occlusal eruption

Equlibrium theory

“UNIFICATIONO THEORY”

Neuromuscular theory

Synchronized forces of the orofacial muscles, under the control of the CNS, are responsible for the active movements of a tooth and the molecular events prepared a pathway under the control of these forces

Neuromuscular theory