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Neurology > Pain Management > Flashcards

Pain Management Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of Paracetamol

A

Inhibits central prostaglandin synthesis

Metabolites enduce an analgesic effect

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2
Q

Important metabolite of paracetamol

A

NAPBQ

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3
Q

Indications for Paracetamol

A

Analgesia

Anti-pyrexial

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4
Q

Side Effects for Paracetamol

A

Toxic liver damage

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5
Q

Examples of non-selective NSAIDS

A

Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Naproxen
Diclofenac

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6
Q

Mechanism of NSAIDs

A

Inhibition of COX1 and COX2

Decreased prostaglandin synthesis

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7
Q

Indications for use of NSAIDS

A

Nociceptive pain

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8
Q

Contraindications for NSAIDS

A

Active bleeding ulcer

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9
Q

Side effects of NSAIDs

A

GI irritation
GI bleeding
Renal toxicity
Interactions

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10
Q

Mechanism of opioids

A

Activate endogenous analgesic system, mainly via mu-receptors
Affect descending pathways that modulate pain perception

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11
Q

Mu-receptors

Adverse effects…

A

Most of analgesic action
Respiratory depression = blunting of medullary respiratory centre to CO2
GI/nausea
= action of CTZ, increases smooth muscle tone

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12
Q

Delta-receptors

A

Contributes to analgesia, can be pro-convulsant

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13
Q

Side Effects of Opioids

A 
Nausea
Vomiting 
Constipation 
Dizziness 
Somnolence 
Dry Skin
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14
Q

Indications for Morphine

A

Acute severe pain

Chronic pain

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15
Q

Delivery of Morphine

When caution?

A

IV, IM, SC, oral

Caution in reduced renal function

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16
Q

Indications for Pethidine

A

Acute labour pain

17
Q

Contraindications for Pethidine

A

MAO-inhibitors

Shouldn’t be used together

18
Q

Indications for codeine and dihydrocodeine

A

Mild/moderate pain

19
Q

Mechanims of tramadol

A

Weak mu-receptor agonist

Most action by potentiation of descending serotenergic/adrenergic systems

20
Q

Contraindications for tramadol

A

Avoid in epilepsy

21
Q

Mechanism of Methadone

A

Weak mu-receptor agonist

22
Q

Indications for Methadone

A

Heroin replacement therapy

23
Q

Mechanism of naloxone

A

Competitive antagonist at mu-receptors

24
Q

Indications for naloxone

A

Reverse opioid toxicity

25
Q

Side Effects of Naloxone

A

Can trigger acute withdrawal reaction in addicts

26
Q

A alpha fibres

A

Motor-skeletal muscle

27
Q

A delta fibres

A

Temperature and sharp pain

28
Q

A gamma fibres

A

Proprioception

29
Q

B fibres

A

Autonomic activity

30
Q

C fibres

A

Dull diffuse pain

Neurology (5 decks)

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