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Pharm II > Pain Management > Flashcards

Pain Management Flashcards

1
Q

Analgesia

A

Absence of normal sense of pain

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2
Q

Anesthesia

A

Partial or complete loss of sensation, with or without loss of consciousness as a result of disease, injury or anesthetic

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3
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Excessive sensitivity to pain- painful stimuli perceived as more painful- chronic pain

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4
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

Increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as pain or touch- chronic pain

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5
Q

Allodynia

A

Non painful stimuli percieved as painful- chronic pain

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6
Q

Dysthesia

A

Unplesant sensation in the absence of sensation- pins & needles- chronic pain

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7
Q

Hyperpathia

A

All stimuli- noxious and innocuous- are more intense- chronic pain

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8
Q

Provacative/ pallative

A

What makes pain better or worse

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9
Q

Quality

A

Character of pain

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10
Q

Region & referral

A

where it hurts and radiates

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11
Q

severity

A

Pain scale- plus quantity, characteristics, frequency & variability

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12
Q

timing

A

duration, frequency & consistency

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13
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

chronic pain- aberrant somatosensory process in PNS.
Pain disproportionate to lesion-maladaptive- tingling, sharp, shooting, electric, burning.
Ex: herpes, DM

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14
Q

Complex regional pain syndromes

A

Chronic pain following injury- damage or malfunction of PNS

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15
Q

Neuralgias

A

pain occurring along the course of the nerve- pressure, nutritional deficiency, toxin or inflammation

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16
Q

Phantom pain

A

perception of pain from body part that is no longer there

17
Q

Radicular neuropathy

A

problem with specific spinal nerve- damage to nerve root

18
Q

Nocioceptive pain

A

Ongoing activation of neural pain systems due to tissue damage or inflammation

19
Q

Somatic nocioceptive

A

localized pain- activation of nocioceptors with out injury to nerve or CNS

20
Q

Visceral nocioceptive

A

Deep, aching, squeezing pain

21
Q

psychogenic pain

A

pain that is truly experienced but best explained by a psychiatric disease

22
Q

Idiopathic pain

A

pain with no clear cause

23
Q

Physical dependence

A

Body adapts to drug requiring more to achieve same effect- withdrawal effects

24
Q

Tolerance

A

Body adapts to drug and requires more to achieve desired effect

25
Q

Addiction

A

Compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences. Failure to meet obligations

26
Q

Pain avoidance behavior

A

Adding negative emotion to pain signal- pain is much harder to control and may be triggered by memory of inciting incident- Avoid activities and increased disability

27
Q

Nonpharmacologic pain management

A

CBT- relaxation & imagery
physical agents- massage, heat, cold
TENS units

28
Q

Acetaminophen- Mech of action

A

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

29
Q

Acetaminophen- Uses

A

Antipyretic & analgesic- not an anti platelet or anti-inflammatory

30
Q

NSAIDS- ibuprofen & naproxen- Mech of action

A

Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis- COX pathway- modulation of pain, inflammation, platelet affregation and vasodilation

31
Q

NSAIDs- Clinical uses

A

Pain modulation, inflammation & fever

32
Q

Opioids- Mechanism of action

A

Interact with opioid receptors in CNS, cause hyper polarization of nerve cells

33
Q

Opioids- Clinical uses

A

Analgesia to severe pain, Tx of diarrhea, cough relief, pulmonary edema

34
Q

Opioids- Side effects

A

Euphoria, respiratory depression, depression of cough reflex, mitosis (pinpoint pupil), nausea

35
Q

Bisphosphonates- Mech of action

A

Decrease osteoclastic bone resorbtion- decrease functionality of osteoclasts.

36
Q

Bisphosphonate- Clinical uses

A

Bone pain, treatment of osteoperosis

37
Q

Neuropathic Agents for pain relief- mech of action

A

Serotonin/ norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors-also used to treat depression
Ex amtyptiline

38
Q

Anti-convulsants

A

Gabapentin- suppress nerve activity and firing- inhibit sodium gated channels

Pharm II (5 decks)

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