Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PCC > Pain (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Pain (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

What is pain?

A

unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that can have destructive effects and can warn of potential injury

MULTIDIMENSIONAL EXPERIENCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 6 origins of pain classification?

A
  1. cutaneous/superficial
  2. deep somatic
  3. visceral
  4. radiating/referred
  5. phantom
  6. psychogenic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 2 causes of pain classification?

A
  1. nociceptive
  2. neuropathic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 duration classifications of pain?

A
  1. acute
  2. chronic
  3. intractable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 descriptions of classifications of pain?

A
  1. quality
  2. periodicity
  3. intensity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is transduction?

A

activation of nociceptors by stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is transmission?

A

conduction of pain message to spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is pain perception?

A

recognizing and defining pain in cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is pain modulation?

A

changing pain perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 6 factors that influence pain?

A
  1. emotions
  2. past experience with pain
  3. developmental stage
  4. sociocultural factors
  5. communication skills
  6. cognitive impairments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name 6 body systems that are impacted by unrelieved pain

A
  1. endocrine
  2. cardiovascular
  3. musculoskeletal
  4. respiratory
  5. genitourinary
  6. gastrointestinal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Assessing pain includes…

A
  1. obtaining a complete health history (OLDCARTS)
  2. nonverbal signs of pain
  3. pain scales
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some examples of nonverbal signs of pain?

A

elevated pulse/BP
crying, moaning
grimacing
facial expressions, posture, body position (guarding)
vital signs changes
behavioral manifestations
pain as an expression of weakness
assess for depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 4 pain scales

A
  1. visual analog scale (VAS) point to a place on a line
  2. numeric rating scale (NRS) 0-10
  3. simple descriptor scale
  4. Wong-Baker faces scale for those who cannot read or communicate, but can be used for anybody
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name examples of cutaneous stimulation for pain management

A
  1. transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) electrode pads and connecting wire, stimulator
  2. percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS)
  3. spinal cord stimulator (SCS)
  4. acupuncture
  5. acupressure
  6. massage
  7. use of heat and cold 15 min. MAX
  8. contralateral stimulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 4 examples of nonpharmacological measures for pain management?

A
  1. cutaneous stimulation
  2. oral sucrose
  3. immobilization
  4. cognitive-behavioral interventions
17
Q

Name 3 pharmacological measures for pain management

A
  1. nonopioid analgesics (NSAIDs, acetaminophen)
  2. adjuvant analgesics
  3. opioid analgesics (IV, transdermal, epidural forms; client controlled analgesia pump)
18
Q

Name 4 chemical pain relief measures

A
  1. nerve blocks
  2. epidural injections
  3. local anesthesia
  4. topical anesthesia
19
Q

Radiofrequency and Surgery

A

radiofrequency ablation
surgery (cordotomy, rhizotomy, neurectomy, sympathectomy)

20
Q

Special nursing considerations

A

managing pain in the elderly
managing pain in clients with addictions
use of placebos

21
Q

Pain is…

A

WHATEVER THAT PT SAYS IT IS AND WHENEVER THEY SAY THEY HAVE PAIN

22
Q

Normal vital signs do NOT mean that..

A

patient is NOT in pain

23
Q

How does CBT work?

A

decreasing anxiety and depression

24
Q

What are some examples of CBT distractors?

A

visual TV
tactile massage, exercise, therapy
intellectual reading, puzzles, coloring
olfactory essential oils, aromatherapy (peppermint and lavender)
guided imagery directed words and music

25
What do NSAIDs stand for?
**N**on **S**teroidal **A**nti **I**nflammatory **D**rugs
26
How do NSAIDs work?
blocking prostaglandins BUT main side effect is GI bleed
27
Acetaminophen
safest EXCEPT for patients with history of liver disease MAX amount per day is 4000mg (8 extra strength tabs) ADJUVENT WITH OPIOID
28
Acetaminophen: Adjuvent to opioids
makes the opioid work better while also decreasing dose of opioid ANTICONVULSANTS, ANTIDEPRESSANTS, MUSCLE RELAXANTS
29
Opioids
narcotics controversy with addiction **remember WITHDRAWAL, DEPENDANCE, TOLERANCE**
30
Describe the unique problem of tolerance to a drug
body adjusting to drug, more drug may be required
31
Common side effects and interventions of opioids
constipation **MORE H2O AND FIBER, AMBULATE, EDUCATE** respiratory depression **COUNT *RR* BEFORE ADMINISTERING, HOLD IT TOO LOW** nausea and vomiting **GIVE ANTIEMETIC MEDS IF PROVIDER ORDERED** HYPERTENSION SEDATION URINARY RETENTION
32
Nursing problem with pain
acute or chronic?
33
Nursing interventions for pain
patient comfort patient safety **avoid adverse effects** resolve the conflict of pain
34
T/F: Changes in vital signs only last a short time
T!
35
T/F: Pupils may dilate in response to pain
F (they constrict!)

PCC (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions