Pain Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Pain Impacts

A
  • Function
  • Quality of life
  • Relationships
  • Family structure
  • Financial resources
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2
Q

Pain Definition

A
  • Unpleasant sensory & emotional experience
  • Associated with actual & potential tissue damage
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3
Q

Nociceptors

A
  • PNS fibers
  • Carry painful stimuli to CNS
  • Located in various body tissues
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4
Q

Nociceptors Activation

A
  • thermal stimuli
  • mechanical stimuli
  • chemical stimuli
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5
Q

Pain Pathway

A
  • PNS impulse
  • Spinal cord CNS
  • Pain blocked/allowed to continue
  • thalamus
  • Limbic system
  • Cerebral Cortex
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6
Q

Limbic System

A
  • Production of emotional responses
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7
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A
  • recognition of pain
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8
Q

Components of Pain

A
  • Sensory/physical
  • Emotional/affective
  • Cognitive
  • Social
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9
Q

Sensory/Physical Pain

A
  • Action in pain nerves
  • Effect on physiological status
  • Severity
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10
Q

Emotional/Affective Pain

A
  • Feelings caused by pain
  • Fears
  • Knowledge
  • Limbic system
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11
Q

Cognitive Pain

A
  • Pain effects on behaviour
  • Coping strategies
  • Meaning of pain
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12
Q

Pain Classification

A
  • Duration
  • Frequency
  • Form
  • Associated with cancer
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13
Q

Duration

A

acute vs chronic

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14
Q

Frequency

A

continuous vs intermittent

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15
Q

Form

A

nociceptive vs neuropathic

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16
Q

Associated with Cancer

A
  • With cancer or cancer treatment
  • Own class
17
Q

Pain Types

A
  • Visceral
  • Somatic
  • Cutaneous
  • Referred
  • Parietal
18
Q

Visceral Pain

A
  • organ linning inflammation
19
Q

Somatic Pain

A
  • any pain felt
20
Q

Cutaneous Pain

A
  • superficial somatic pain
21
Q

Referred Pain

A
  • felt in different place than origin
22
Q

Parietal Pain

A
  • abdominal cavity linning inflammation
23
Q

Neuropathic Pain

A
  • damage to nervous system
24
Q

Acute Pain Assessment

A
  • Focused/emergent history
  • Involve others (family/witness)
  • Observation of patient & behaviors
25
Q

Acute Pain Red Flags

A
  • Sudden onset
  • Explosive headache
  • Painful breathing
  • Chest pain
  • Abdominal pain
  • Unrelieved by appropriate medication
26
Q

Influencing Factors of Pain

A
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Culture
  • Spiritual
  • Family & social support
  • Meaning
  • Anxiety level
  • Coping style
  • Fatigue
  • Previous experiences
27
Q

Nurses Role in Pain Assessment

A
  • Observe
  • Notice/monitor changes
  • Reassessment
  • Subjective data
  • Advocate for treatment modifications
  • Explore complimentary/companion/paramedicine therapies
28
Q

Effects of Poorly Managed Pain

A
  • Reduced cognitive/mental function
  • Sleeplessness
  • Anxiety/fear
  • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
  • Increased HR/CO
  • Decreased respiration depth, cough, sputum retention
  • Decreased immune response
  • Muscle spasm
  • Immobility
  • Decreased gastric & bowel motility
  • Decreased urinary output
  • Increased suffering for client & loved ones
  • Development of chronic pain
29
Q

Pain Assessment Techniques

A
  • OLDCARTSS
  • OPQRSTU
  • Numeric pain severity scale
  • Pain/distress severity scale
  • FACES (visual analogue scale)
  • FLACC
  • Brief pain inventory
  • Universal pain assessment tool