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1180 Holistic Health Assessment > CV/PV Assessment > Flashcards

CV/PV Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Risk Factors of Cardiovascular

A
  • Family history
  • Increased age
  • Elevated cholesterol
  • High blood pressure
  • High blood sugar/diabetes
  • Ethnicity
  • Obesity
  • Cigarette smoking
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • High sodium
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2
Q

Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

A
  • Menopause
  • Family history
  • Increased age
  • Ethnicity
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3
Q

Signs of Cardiovascular Problem

A
  • Pain (chest, jaw, neck, left arm)
    • Shortness of breath
    • Dyspnea
    • Orthopnea
    • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
    • Cough
    • Diaphoresis
    • Lightheaded
    • Leg pain (calf pain)
    • Ulcers on lower extremities
    • Nausea & vomiting
    • Edema
    • Chest pressure
    • Nocturia
    • Racing heart
    • Indigestion
    • Heart burn
    • Palpitations
    • Dysrhythmia
    • Fatigue
  • Fainting (syncope)
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4
Q

Orthopnea

A

Inability to breath while lying down

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5
Q

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

A
  • Waking in night
  • Due to inability to breath
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6
Q

Diaphoresis

A
  • Sweating
  • Lack of blood flow
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7
Q

Light-headedness

A
  • Lack of blood flow to brain
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8
Q

Cardiovascular History

A
  • Demographic (SDoH)
  • OLDCARTSS
  • Current/recent symptom
  • Associated symptoms
  • Respiratory concerns
  • Risk factors
  • Family history
  • Past medical history, medications, allergies
  • Social history
  • Functional ability (IADL & ADL)
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9
Q

Physical Assessment Steps

A
  • Vital signs
  • Compare results
  • Context of patient
  • Relation between vital signs
  • Urgent action/monitoring
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10
Q

Inspection

A
  • General survey
  • Skin colour
  • Respirations
  • Speech pattern
  • Diaphoresis
  • Thorax size & shape
  • Fingers (nailbeds)
  • Landmarks
  • Abnormal pulsations
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11
Q

Pulse

A
  • Rate
  • Rhythm
  • Strength
  • Symmetry
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12
Q

Pulse Strength

A
  • Absent
  • Weak
  • Thready
  • Normal
  • Bounding
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13
Q

Carotid Pulse Assessment

A
  • Carotid Artery
  • Located in neck
  • Should be quiet/soft
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14
Q

Unexpected Heart Sounds

A
  • Murmurs (swooshing/blowing sound)
  • Any sounds outside of LUB/DUB
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15
Q

Heart Murmurs

A
  • swooshing/blowing sound
  • result of cardiac abnormalities/turbulent blood flow
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16
Q

S3 & S4 Sounds

A
  • Additional sounds to LUB/DUB
  • Heart murmur sounds
  • Incomplete closure of valve
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17
Q

Cardiac Abnormalities

A
  • Increased blood velocity
  • Structural valve defects
  • Valve malfunction
  • Abnormal chamber openings (septal defects)
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18
Q

Landmarking Areas of Heart Sounds

A
  • S2 pulmonic area
  • S1 mitral area
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19
Q

Listening Areas of Heart Sounds

A
  • Aortic
  • Pulmonic
  • Erb’s point
  • Tricuspid
  • Mitral
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20
Q

S1 Sound

A
  • Loudest at apex (bottom)
  • Av valve closing
  • Beginning of systole
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21
Q

S2 Sound

A
  • Loudest at base (top)
  • Aortic valve closing
  • Beginning of diastole
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22
Q

Aging Effects on Heart

A
  • Increase in collagen
  • Decrease in elastin
  • Decreased contractability & HR
  • Thicker & stiffer valves (lipid accumulation)
  • Decrease in pacemaker cells of SA node
  • Bradycardia & heart block
  • Decrease sympathetic nervous system control
  • Thickening of arterial blood vessels
  • Increase blood pressure
23
Q

Neurovascular Assessment Reasons

A
  • Trauma/limb injury
  • Cast/protective device
  • Limb wound
  • Varicose veins
  • Conditions causing poor circulation (heart failure)
  • Discomfort/pain in limb
  • Circulation & nerve conduction
24
Q

Poor Neurovascular Circulation Risk Factors

A
  • Smoking
  • Arterial/venous insufficiency
  • Extreme edema (compartment syndrome)
  • Hypothermia
25
Q

Arterial Insufficiency

A
  • Disease artery
  • Oxygenated blood difficulty getting to tissue
26
Q

Arterial Insufficiency Symptoms

A
  • Pain with exertion
  • Intermittent claudication
  • Pain with elevation, rubor with dependency
27
Q

Arterial Insufficiency Relief

A
  • Short rest
28
Q

Venous Insufficiency

A
  • Elevation
29
Q

Insufficient Arterial Findings

A
  • Pale
  • Cool
  • Decreased/absent pulse
  • Mild edema
  • Think/shiny skin
  • Thickened nails
  • Decreased hair growth
30
Q

Arterial Insufficiency Ulcers

A
  • Deep
  • Distal location (toes)
  • Defined edges
  • Dry/pale wound bed
  • Necrotic/eschar tissue
31
Q

Insufficient Venous Findings

A
  • Dark discoloration around ankle
  • No temperature change
  • Palpable pulse
  • Present - serve edema
  • Venous stasis
32
Q

Venous Insufficiency Ulcers

A
  • Shallow
  • Distal
  • Irregular edges
  • Moisture in wound
  • Granulation tissue
  • Slough
33
Q

Peripheral Vascular Assessment Components

A
  • Movement
  • Temperature
  • Sensation
  • Blanching
  • Colour
  • Edema
  • Pulse
34
Q

Edema Grading Scale

A
  • 0, no pitting
  • 1, mild pitting & 2mm depression
  • 2, moderate pitting & 4mm depression
  • 3, moderately severe pitting & 6mm depression
  • 4, severe pitting & 8mm depression
35
Q

Veninous Insufficiency

A
  • Leaky valves in lower limbs
  • Blood pools in lower legs
  • Vessels fail to hold shape
  • VEINS
36
Q

Clubbing

A
  • Rounded overgrowth
  • Chronic hypoxia (lack of adequate oxygen)
37
Q

Palpation of Neuro Component

A
  • Sensation
  • Motion
  • Look for limiting factors (pain/inability)
38
Q

Sensation Peroneal Nerve

A
  • Touch web space
  • Between great & second toe
39
Q

Motion Peroneal Nerve

A
  • Dorsiflex & extend toes
  • At metatarsal joint
40
Q

Sensation Tibial Nerve

A
  • Touch medial & lateral surfaces
  • Sole of foot
41
Q

Motion Tibial Nerve

A
  • Plantar flex
  • Ankle & toes
42
Q

Sensation Radial Nerve

A
  • Touch web space
  • Between thumb & index finger
43
Q

Motion Radial Nerve

A
  • Hyperextend thumb, wrist
  • Hyperextend 4 fingers at metacarpal joints
44
Q

Sensation Ulnar Nerve

A
  • Touch distal small pad
  • Small finger
45
Q

Motion Ulnar Nerve

A
  • Abduct all fingers
46
Q

Sensation Median Nerve

A
  • Touch distal surface
  • Index finger
47
Q

Motion Median Nerve

A
  • Oppose thumb & small finger
  • Note wrist flex
48
Q

Median Motor Supply

A
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis
  • Lumbricals index & middle finger
49
Q

Ulnar Motor Supply

A
  • Flexor capri ulnaris
  • Flexors of distal phalanx (ring & little fingers)
  • Intrinsic hand muscles
50
Q

Radial Muscle Supply

A
  • Triceps
  • Brachioradialis
  • Supinator
  • All extensors of wrist, thumb, fingers
51
Q

Acute Neurovacular Assessment

A
  • Arterial occlusion
  • Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
  • Compartment syndrome
  • Excruciating pain
52
Q

Compartment Syndrome

A
  • EMERGENCY
  • Crushing injury
  • Fasciotomy
53
Q

Circulation Assessment Components

A
  • Pain
  • Pulse
  • Pallor
  • Paralysis
  • Paresthesia

1180 Holistic Health Assessment (9 decks)

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