Pain

Question 1

Harmful stimuli=

Answer 1

Noxious stimulus

Question 2

Nociceptors are ___ nerve endings

Answer 2

Free

Question 3

There (ARE/ ARE NOT) universal pain stimuli that elicit pain in all individuals

Answer 3

Are not

Question 4

2 types of pain

Answer 4

Persistent

Chronic

Question 5

Clinical condition which is the reason why patients seek medical attention

Answer 5

Persistent

Question 6

___ makes patients life miserable and is a disease on it’s own

Answer 6

Chronic

Question 7

2 pathways of persistent pain:

Answer 7

Nociceptive pain

Neuropathic

Question 8

Nociceptive pain results from ___ of nociceptors

Answer 8

Direct activation

—-tissue injury (sprain, strain, or severe forms of arthritis, tumor)

Question 9

Neuropathic pain is a direct injury to ___

Answer 9

Nervous fibers

Question 10

Neuropathic pain often is describes as ___ or ___

Answer 10

Burning

Electric

Question 11

3 types of nociceptors:

Answer 11

Mechanical
Thermal
Polymodal

Question 12

Mechanical nociceptors are active by ___ pressure and the fibers are myelinated ___ afferent fibers

Answer 12

Intense

Alpha-delta

Question 13

2 types of thermal receptors excited by extreme ___ or ___

Answer 13

Heat

Cold

Question 14

Polymodal receptors are activated by ___ stimuli

Answer 14

All

Question 15

Fast/ sharp pain transmitted by ___ fibers

Answer 15

Alpha-delta

Question 16

Slow/ dull pain transmitted by ___ fibers

Answer 16

C

Question 17

First pain is typically what fiber?

Answer 17

Alpha-delta

Question 18

2n pain is typically __ fibers

Answer 18

C

Question 19

Fast pain utilizes what type of conduction?

Answer 19

Saltatory

Question 20

Several chemicals are release after significant damage to tissue which forms an ___ that sensitizes nociceptors into state of ___ (aka super pain)

Answer 20

Inflammatory soup

Hyperalgesia

Question 21

Receptor for capsaicin (heat) =

Answer 21

TRPV1

Question 22

2 types of abnormal pain states:

Answer 22

Allodynia

Hyperalgesia

Question 23

Allodynia typically feels ___ stimulus when non-painful stimuli are presented

Answer 23

Painful

Question 24

Allodynia, no stimulus =

Answer 24

No pain

Question 25

Neurotransmitter for fast mild pain

Answer 25

Glutamate

Question 26

Neurotransmitter for slow severe pain:

Answer 26

Substance P

Question 27

Peripheral hyperalgesia chemicals 2 functional effects on afferent fibers:

Answer 27

Activation

Sensitization

Question 28

Sensitization=

Answer 28

Lowering of threshold

Question 29

Substance P release results in __, ___, and ___

Answer 29

Heat
Redness
Swelling

Question 30

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a ___ nerve injured at the flexor ___

Answer 30

Median nerve

Flexor retinaculum