pain Flashcards
What is nociception
Non-conscious neural traffic originating with trauma or potential trauma tissue
what is pain tolerance
variable reaction to painful stimulus, affected by emotions, psychological factors, environment, situation
what tract and lobe is involved in pain detection
Parietal lobe and lateral spinothalamic tract
What local factors (from local tissue) can increase activation of nociceptors
prostaglandin, bradykinin, potassium serotonin
what factors are released by activated nociceptors
substance P, histamines
Name 4 characteristics of A-delta fibres
myelinated, low threshold, sharp/stabbing pain detection form connections in lamina I and V
Name 4 characteristics of C fibres
high threshold, unmyelinated connections in lamina I, II and V, dull throbbing pain
What are the types of visceral pain
abnormal muscle contractions, stretch, ischaemia, chemical irritation
What part of the brain recognises location, intensity and nature of the pain
Thalamo-cortical projection
what system is responsible for emotional response to pain
limbic system
what system is involved in stress response to pain
hypothalamus
What nerve fibres modulate pain response?
A-beta => stimulate substantia gelatinosa
What transmitters are involved in ascending pain pathway
substance P, Glutamate, calcitonin, bradykinin, NO
Where do the descending pathways involved in pain originate
locus ceruleus of the brainstem (noradrenergic) and Nucleus Raphe Magnus and Periaqueductal grey (serotonergic )(brainstem)
what part of the mid brain regulates descending pathways for pain
periaqueductal grey matter
