Pain Flashcards
What are the biochemical mediators of pain?
- prostaglandins
- bradykinins
- serotonin
- histamines
- substance p
- NE
What is nociceptive pain?
- caused by stimulation of peripheral nerve fibers
2. divided into visceral, deep somatic, and superficial somatic pain
What causes muscle pain?
- Lactic acid levels
Treatment for muscle pain
- NSAIDS
- muscle relaxers
- heating pads
What is fibromyaligia pain?
- chronic widespread pain and allodynia (heightened and painful response to pressure)
What meds tx fibramyalgia?
- duloxetine
- milnacipran
- pregabalin
What are neuropathic pain features?
- burning, tingling, numbness, “pins and needles”
2. somatosensory pain
What diseases may be associated with neuropathic pain?
- spinal disorders
- DM
- herpes zoster
Treatment for neuropathic pain
- gabapentin
- lyrica
- SSRIs
- antidepressants or narcotics
What is visceral pain?
- vague, diffuse, and poorly defined sensation
What is most common presenting symptom for visceral pain?
chest pain, tightness, pressure, or squeezing
Considerations in pain assessment and management
- cultural differences
- individuals are different
- biases and myths
- recognize the cost of failure to treat pain
T/F drug abusers and alcoholics overreact to pain
F they are actually more truthful since inhibitions are lowered
T/F clients with minor illness have less pain
F for that patient, the experience could be major depending on previous experience
T/F giving analgesic regularly will start drug dependency
F studies show only 3% of patients develop true addiction
