Male GU

Question 1

Fermoral hernia

Answer 1

1. more likely to present as emergency with bowel incarceration or strangulation
2. least common
3. below inguinal ligament and more lateral than inguinal hernia
4. never into scrotum
5. inguinal canal is empty

Question 2

Indirect hernia

Answer 2

1. most common
2. above inguinal ligament, near its midpoint
3. often into scrotum
4. comes down the inguinal cana and touches fingertip

Question 3

Direct hernia

Answer 3

1. less common, usually in men older than 40
2. above inguinal ligament, more medial
3. rarely into scrotum
4. bulges anteriorly and pushes the side of the finger
5. linked to straining and heavy lifting

Question 4

Phimosis

Answer 4

tight prepuce, cannot be retracted

Question 5

Paraphimosis

Answer 5

tight prepuce that once retracted cannot be returned

Question 6

Balanitis

Answer 6

inflammation of the glans

Question 7

Balanpothitis

Answer 7

inflammation of glans and prepuce

Question 8

Common transillumination scrotal masses

Answer 8

1. hydrocele

2. spermatocele

Question 9

Hydrocele

Answer 9

1. usually seen in kids 1-2 years old

2. accumulation of fluid from abdomen into scrotum

Question 10

Scrotal masses that dont transilluminate

Answer 10

1. hematocele
2. tumor
3. torsion
4. epididymitis

Question 11

Varicocele

Answer 11

1. abnormal tortuosity and dilation of veins within spermatic cord
2. most common on left side
3. often visibile only when standing
4. “Bag of worms”

Question 12

Torsion

Answer 12

1. surgical emergency
2. twisting of testis on spermatic cord
3. acute onset pain
4. vomiting and anorexia common
5. fever and dysuria uncommon
6. no cremastic reflex on affected side

Question 13

Epididymitis

Answer 13

1. acute testicular pain or swelling
2. can occur cuz prostatitis, UTI, TB, or STD
3. epididymis may be enlarged, hard and tender causing pain
4. waddle walk
5. may be blood in semen, d/c from penis, enlarged groin lymph nodes
6. Tx with antibiotic therapy (rocephin and azithromycin)

Question 14

DRE positions

Answer 14

1. modified lithotomy
2. sims’ position
3. left lateral
4. standing, hips flexed

Question 15

Colorectal CA risk factors

Answer 15

1. age over 40
2. PH of colon polyps, Crohn’s, UC > 10 yrs, ovarian, breast, endometrial CA
3. FH colon CA
4. high fat, low fiber diet
5. exposure to asbestos, acrylics, and other carcinogens

Question 16

Prostate CA risk factors

Answer 16

1. age over 50
2. US resident
3. diet high in animal fat
4. ETOH use
5. FH prostate CA
6. PSA > 4ng/ml

Question 17

Colorectal CA prevention test

Answer 17

1. colonoscopy
2. age 50 and every 10 yrs or age 45 for AA
3. flex sig 5-10 yrs
4. CT colonography every 5 yrs

Question 18

Colorectal CA detection test

Answer 18

FIT- fecal immunochemical test

Question 19

Examination of prostate

Answer 19

1. normally rubbery and nontender

Question 20

Normal prostate features

Answer 20

1. about 2.5 cm from side to side
2. prominent median sulcus
3. rubbery and smooth
4. no tenderness
5. pt. will feel the urge to urinate when you palpate

Question 21

BPH findings on DRE

Answer 21

1. symmetrical enlargement
2. marked protrusion into rectal lumen
3. smooth
4. median sulcus may be indistinguishable
5. rubbery, boggy, or elastic consistency

Question 22

Prostate CA findings on DRE

Answer 22

1. asymmetric
2. hard
3. discrete nodule
4. median sulcus obscured

Question 23

Prostatitis findings

Answer 23

1. swollen
2. firm
3. very tender