Pain Flashcards
1
Q
Nociceptive Pain
A
- results from injury to tissues
- somatic or visceral
- responds well to opioids depending on tissue type
- responds well to NSAIDs, acetaminophen, or steroids
2
Q
Neuropathic Pain
A
- results from injury to peripheral nerves
- responds poorly to opioids
- Gabapentin is most common nerve pain medications
3
Q
Mu type 1 and 2 opioid receptors
A
- brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, intestinal tract
- produces analgesia, respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation, reduced GI motility
4
Q
Kappa Opioid Receptors
A
- brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system
- produces analgesia and sedation
5
Q
Cox 1 and Cox 2 enzymes
A
- promote inflammation for healing, but also result in pain and fever
- Cox 1 supports blood clotting and protects the lining of the stomach from the damaging effects of acid.
- produce prostaglandins which are a family of chemicals that have several important functions
6
Q
NSAIDS
A
block the COX enzymes and reduce prostaglandins throughout the body
- side effects: increased risk of bleeding and GI bleed
- Drug of choice for mild to moderate pain. esp for inflammation
- Check eGFR, Creatinine, PT, and INR prior to administration
7
Q
Reye’s Syndrome
A
occurs when children take ASA
- when the childs blood sugar level drops while levels of ammonia and acidity in his or her blood rise
8
Q
1st and 2nd Choice of treatment of migraines
A
- triptans (selectively binds to serotonin receptors which leads to vasoconstriction of cranial arteries. they also block the transmission of pain signals)
- ergot alkaloids
9
Q
Local anesthetic
A
- produces rapid loss of sensation to a limited part of the body by blocking the entry of sodium ions into neurons by blocking sodium ion channels. because this is a non-selective process both sensory and muscle impulses will be blocked thus their activity will be diminished.
- given with small amounts of epinephrine to vasoconstrict
