Pages: 8-9 (Congenital Anomalies/Variants) Flashcards
_____: refers to when the arcuate foramen forms when the atlanto-occipital ligament calcifies. Transmits the sub-occipital nerve and the vertebral artery?
posterior ponticle (aka: posticus ponticus”)
20% of Down Syndrome patients are born without what ligament?
transverse ligament
What type of films should be taken on a patient with Down’s Syndrome?
Cervical stress films (Flexion/Extension)
_____: refers to a normally developed cephalic part of the dens that is not fused with the body of C2?
a. ) Congenital block
b. ) Klipperl-Feil syndrome
c. ) Os Odontoideum
d. ) Pedicle agenesis
c.) Os Odontoideum
_____: refers to contralateral pedicle hypertrophy and sclerosis?
a. ) Congenital block
b. ) Klipperl-Feil syndrome
c. ) Os Odontoideum
d. ) Pedicle agenesis
d.) Pedicle agenesis
_____: associated with a patient who has a short webbed neck, low hair line, and decreased ROM?
a. ) Down’s syndrome
b. ) Klippel-Feil syndrome
c. ) Knife clasp syndrome
d. ) Myositis ossificans
b.) Klippel-Feil syndrome (aka: “Congenital Brevicollis”)
_____: associated spina bifida of S1 with L5 spinous enlargement. Patient typically has pain with extension?
a. ) Down’s syndrome
b. ) Klippel-Feil syndrome
c. ) Knife clasp syndrome
d. ) Myositis ossificans
c.) Knife clasp syndrome
_____: adjacent vertebra osseously fused from birth. Associated with Wasp Waist and hypo plastic discs?
a. ) Butterfly vertebra
b. ) Congenital block
c. ) Hemivertebrae
d. ) Transitional vertebrae
b.) Congenital block
_____: associated with a Gibbus deformity, a developmental failure of the lateral ossification center. Isolated wedged vertebra causing a scoliosis?
a. ) Butterfly vertebra
b. ) Congenital block
c. ) Hemivertebrae
d. ) Transitional vertebrae
c.) Hemivertebrae
_____: failure of the center of the vertebral body to ossify properly, most commonly seen in the lumbar and thoracic spine?
a. ) Butterfly vertebra
b. ) Congenital block
c. ) Hemivertebrae
d. ) Transitional vertebrae
a.) Butterfly vertebra
_____: refers to when the L5 transverse processes fuse or form joints with the sacrum?
a. ) Lumbarization
b. ) Sacralization
c. ) Facet tropism
d. ) Spina bifida
b.) Sacralization
_____: refers to having 6 lumbars, the 1st sacral segment appears like a lumbar segment?
a. ) Lumbarization
b. ) Sacralization
c. ) Facet tropism
d. ) Spina bifida
a.) Lumbarization
_____: a failure of the lamina to fuse?
a. ) Lumbarization
b. ) Sacralization
c. ) Facet tropism
d. ) Spina bifida
d.) Spina bifida
Klippel-Feil Syndrome is associated with what 3 things specifically?
- Females
- Sprengle’s Deformity
- Omovertebral bones
- ) Spina bifida has elevated _____?
2. ) Spina bifida has a deficiency in _____?
- ) alpha-fetoprotein
2. ) folic acid
What is the MC location for Facet Tropism to occur at?
a. ) L2/L3
b. ) L5/S1
c. ) L4/L5
d. ) L3/L4
b.) L5/S1
_____: refers to the coxa-femoral angle being less than 120 degrees?
a. ) Coxa valga
b. ) Coxa vara
b.) Coxa vara
_____: refers to the coxa-femoral angle being greater than 130 degrees?
a. ) Coxa valga
b. ) Coxa vara
a.) Coxa valga
What line of Mensuration is associated with identifying the Coxa-femoral angle?
Mikulicz’s line of mensuration
_____: refers to a shortened distal radius, asymmetric prominence of the ulnar styloid and a posterior subluxation of the distal ulna?
a. ) Positive ulnar variance
b. ) Negative ulnar variance
c. ) Madelung’s deformity
d. ) Sprengle’s deformity
c.) Madelung’s deformity
_____: refers to ulna being unusually shorter than the radius, seen with scapho-lunate dislocations?
a. ) Positive ulnar variance
b. ) Negative ulnar variance
c. ) Madelung’s deformity
d. ) Sprengle’s deformity
b.) Negative ulnar variance
