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NBCE Part II/III. General Diagnosis (Irene Gold Associates) > Pages: 3-4 (Eyes) - 6% > Flashcards

Pages: 3-4 (Eyes) - 6% Flashcards

1
Q

Sluggish pupillary reaction to light that is unilateral and caused by a parasympathetic lesion of CN III…?

A

Adie’s Pupil

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2
Q

Unequal pupil size…?

A

Aniscoria

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3
Q

Bilaterally small and irregular pupils that accommodate but do not react to light. Seen with Syphilis (Prostitutes Pupil)…?

A

Argyll Robertson

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4
Q

Sluggish pupillary reaction due to hypo-adrenalism (Addison’s Disease)…?

A

Arroyo Sign

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5
Q

Inflammation of the eyelid seen with seborrhea, staph infection, and inflammatory processes…?

A

Blepharitis

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6
Q

Opacities seen in the lens that are commonly seen with diabetes and in the elderly. Also has an absent red light reflex…?

A

Cataracts

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7
Q

An infection of the meibomian gland causing a nodule, which points inside the lid…?

A

Chalazion

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8
Q

CONJUNCTIVA

Color
A.) Normal: _____?
B.) Anemia: _____?
C.) Infection: _____?

A

A.) Pink
B.) Pale
C.) Bright Red

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9
Q

Affects the veins more than arteries and presents with micro aneurysms, hard exudates, and neovascularization…?

A

Diabetic Retinopathy

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10
Q

Lid is turned outward. Most commonly seen in the elderly…?

A

Ectropion

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11
Q

Lid is turned inward. Most commonly seen in the elderly…?

A

Entropion

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12
Q

Lid lag/failure to cover the eyeball. Can be seen with Graves Disease (bilateral) or Tumor (unilateral)…?

A

Exophthalmosis

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13
Q

Increased intraocular pressure causing cupping of the optic disc (cup to disc ration is greater than 1:2). Patient will notice blurring of their vision especially in the peripheral fields as well as rings around lights. Crescent sign will be present upon tangential lighting of the cornea…?

A

Glaucoma

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14
Q

An infection of the sebaceous glands causing a pimple or boil on the eyelid…?

A

Hordoleum (sty)

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15
Q

Ptosis, Miosis, and Anhydrosis on the same side as an interruption to the cervical sympathetics…?

A

Horner’s Syndrome

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16
Q

Damage to the retinal vessels/background will show these signs: Copper Wire Deformity, Silver Wire Deformity, A-V Nicking, Flame Hemorrhages, and Cotton Wool Soft Exudates…?

A

Hypertensive Retinopathy

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17
Q

Dilated pupil with ptosis and lateral deviation. Doesn’t react to light or accommodation. Seen with Multiple Sclerosis…?

A

Internal Ophthalmoplegia

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18
Q

Inflammation of the iris (colored portion of the eye) seen with Ankylosing Spondylitis…?

A

Iritis/Uveitis

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19
Q

Most common reason for blindness in the elderly, central vision lost…..?

A

Macular Degeneration

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20
Q

Yellow deposits under the retina, which are an EARLY SIGN of Macular Degeneration…?

A

Drusen

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21
Q

Fixed and constricted pupils that react to light and accommodate. Seen with Severe Brain Damage, Pilocarpine Medication, and Narcotic use…?

A

Miosis

22
Q

Dilated and fixed pupils seen with Anticholinergic Drugs (Atropine/Mushrooms/Death)…?

A

Mydriasis

23
Q

Swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial pressure. NO visual loss. May been seen with a brain tumor or brain hemorrhage…?

A

Papilledema (aka: Choked Disc)

  • Visual loss seen with Optic Neuritis
24
Q

Swelling around the eye seen with Allergies, Myxedema, and Nephrotic Syndrome (HEP)…?

A

Periorbital Edema

25
Q

A yellowish triangular nodule in the bulbar conjunctiva that is harmless and indicates aging…?

A

Pinquecula

26
Q

Drooping of the eyelid. Seen with conditions such as Horner’s Syndrome, CN 3 Paralysis, Myasthenia Gravis, and Multiple Sclerosis…?

A

Ptosis

27
Q

Painless sudden onset of blindness described as curtains closing over vision; lightning flashes and floaters are seen prior to visual loss…?

A

Retinal Detachment

28
Q

SCLERA

Color
A.) Normal: _____?
B.) Jaundice: _____?
C.) Osteogenesis Imperfecta: _____?

A

A.) White
B.) Yellow
C.) Blue

29
Q

Fatty plaques on the nasal surface of the eyelids that may be normal or indicates Hypercholesterolemia…?

A

Xanthelasma

30
Q

VISION

A.) Normal: _____?
B.) Nearsighted: _____?
C.) Farsighted: _____?
D.) Loss of lens elasticity, due to aging: _____?

A

A.) Emmetropia
B.) Myopia
C.) Hyperopia
D.) Presbyopia

31
Q

Which orthopedic exam will test cranial nerves III, IV, and VI?

A

Cardinal Field of Gaze

32
Q

What is the most common cause of periorbital edema?

a. ) Hypertension
b. ) Hypotension
c. ) Allergies
d. ) Conjunctivitis

A

c.) Allergies

33
Q

Which of the following conditions has an absent red light reflex?

a. ) Diabetic retinopathy
b. ) Glaucoma
c. ) Macular degeneration
d. ) Cataracts

A

d.) Cataracts

34
Q

This is a sluggish papillary reaction seen in Addison’s Disease?

a. ) Drusen sign
b. ) Crescent sign
c. ) Arroyo sign
d. ) Tangential sign

A

c.) Arroyo sign

35
Q

This is a grayish opaque ring around the cornea?

a. ) Choked disc
b. ) Pinguecula
c. ) Corneal arcus
d. ) External ophthalmoplegia

A

c.) Corneal arcus

36
Q

Which of the following signs is seen in Ankylosing Spondylitis?

a. ) Blepharitis
b. ) Uveitis
c. ) Mydriasis
d. ) Aniscoria

A

b.) Uveitis

37
Q

Which of the following is the most common reason for blindness in the elderly?

a. ) Glaucoma
b. ) Macular degeneration
c. ) Cataracts
d. ) Retinal detachment

A

b.) Macular degeneration

38
Q

Which of the following is seen in a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

a. ) Periorbital edema
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) External ophthalmoplegia
d. ) Internal ophthalmoplegia

A

d.) Internal ophthalmoplegia

39
Q

Which of the following symptoms is seen in a patient with Graves Disease?

a. ) Myxedema
b. ) Adie’s pupil
c. ) Exophthalmosis
d. ) Periorbital edema

A

c.) Exophthalmosis

40
Q

Yellow deposits under the retina is seen with which condition?

a. ) Diabetic neuropathy
b. ) Macular degeneration
c. ) Pinquecula
d. ) Pterygium

A

b.) Macular degeneration

41
Q

Hypercholesterolemia is associated with which of the following conditions?

a. ) Papilledema
b. ) Mydriasis
c. ) Presbyopia
d. ) Xanthelasma

A

d. ) Xanthelasma

- fatty plaques on the nasal surface of the eyelids

42
Q

This triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows across the cornea and is brought on by dry eyes?

a. ) Pinquecula
b. ) Pterygium
c. ) Arroyo sign
d. ) Exophthalmosis

A

b.) Pterygium

43
Q

Associated with cranial nerve III paralysis?

a. ) Xanthelasma
b. ) Mydriasis
c. ) Ptosis
d. ) Myxedema

A

c.) Ptosis

44
Q

Characteristics of Diabetic Retinopathy vs Hypertensive Retinopathy?

A

Diabetic Retinopathy

  • HARD exudates
  • Microaneurysms
  • Neovascularization

Hypertensive Retinopathy

  • SOFT exudate (cotton wool)
  • Copper wire deformity
  • Silver wire deformity
  • A-V nicking
  • Flaming hemorrhages
45
Q

Increased intraocular pressure is caused by what conditions?

A
  • Glaucoma

- Hypertensive Retinopathy

46
Q

Crescent sign is associated with?

a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration

A

c.) Glaucoma

47
Q

Drusen sign is associated with?

a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration

A

d.) Macular degeneration

48
Q

An absent red light reflex is associated with?

a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration

A

a.) Cataracts

49
Q

Which of the following does not cause loss of vision?

a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration

A

b.) Papilledema

50
Q

When does Papilledema cause loss of vision?

A

When it occurs with optic neuritis…

NBCE Part II/III. General Diagnosis (Irene Gold Associates) (16 decks)

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