Pages: 3-4 (Eyes) - 6% Flashcards
Sluggish pupillary reaction to light that is unilateral and caused by a parasympathetic lesion of CN III…?
Adie’s Pupil
Unequal pupil size…?
Aniscoria
Bilaterally small and irregular pupils that accommodate but do not react to light. Seen with Syphilis (Prostitutes Pupil)…?
Argyll Robertson
Sluggish pupillary reaction due to hypo-adrenalism (Addison’s Disease)…?
Arroyo Sign
Inflammation of the eyelid seen with seborrhea, staph infection, and inflammatory processes…?
Blepharitis
Opacities seen in the lens that are commonly seen with diabetes and in the elderly. Also has an absent red light reflex…?
Cataracts
An infection of the meibomian gland causing a nodule, which points inside the lid…?
Chalazion
CONJUNCTIVA
Color
A.) Normal: _____?
B.) Anemia: _____?
C.) Infection: _____?
A.) Pink
B.) Pale
C.) Bright Red
Affects the veins more than arteries and presents with micro aneurysms, hard exudates, and neovascularization…?
Diabetic Retinopathy
Lid is turned outward. Most commonly seen in the elderly…?
Ectropion
Lid is turned inward. Most commonly seen in the elderly…?
Entropion
Lid lag/failure to cover the eyeball. Can be seen with Graves Disease (bilateral) or Tumor (unilateral)…?
Exophthalmosis
Increased intraocular pressure causing cupping of the optic disc (cup to disc ration is greater than 1:2). Patient will notice blurring of their vision especially in the peripheral fields as well as rings around lights. Crescent sign will be present upon tangential lighting of the cornea…?
Glaucoma
An infection of the sebaceous glands causing a pimple or boil on the eyelid…?
Hordoleum (sty)
Ptosis, Miosis, and Anhydrosis on the same side as an interruption to the cervical sympathetics…?
Horner’s Syndrome
Damage to the retinal vessels/background will show these signs: Copper Wire Deformity, Silver Wire Deformity, A-V Nicking, Flame Hemorrhages, and Cotton Wool Soft Exudates…?
Hypertensive Retinopathy
Dilated pupil with ptosis and lateral deviation. Doesn’t react to light or accommodation. Seen with Multiple Sclerosis…?
Internal Ophthalmoplegia
Inflammation of the iris (colored portion of the eye) seen with Ankylosing Spondylitis…?
Iritis/Uveitis
Most common reason for blindness in the elderly, central vision lost…..?
Macular Degeneration
Yellow deposits under the retina, which are an EARLY SIGN of Macular Degeneration…?
Drusen
Fixed and constricted pupils that react to light and accommodate. Seen with Severe Brain Damage, Pilocarpine Medication, and Narcotic use…?
Miosis
Dilated and fixed pupils seen with Anticholinergic Drugs (Atropine/Mushrooms/Death)…?
Mydriasis
Swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial pressure. NO visual loss. May been seen with a brain tumor or brain hemorrhage…?
Papilledema (aka: Choked Disc)
- Visual loss seen with Optic Neuritis
Swelling around the eye seen with Allergies, Myxedema, and Nephrotic Syndrome (HEP)…?
Periorbital Edema
A yellowish triangular nodule in the bulbar conjunctiva that is harmless and indicates aging…?
Pinquecula
Drooping of the eyelid. Seen with conditions such as Horner’s Syndrome, CN 3 Paralysis, Myasthenia Gravis, and Multiple Sclerosis…?
Ptosis
Painless sudden onset of blindness described as curtains closing over vision; lightning flashes and floaters are seen prior to visual loss…?
Retinal Detachment
SCLERA
Color
A.) Normal: _____?
B.) Jaundice: _____?
C.) Osteogenesis Imperfecta: _____?
A.) White
B.) Yellow
C.) Blue
Fatty plaques on the nasal surface of the eyelids that may be normal or indicates Hypercholesterolemia…?
Xanthelasma
VISION
A.) Normal: _____?
B.) Nearsighted: _____?
C.) Farsighted: _____?
D.) Loss of lens elasticity, due to aging: _____?
A.) Emmetropia
B.) Myopia
C.) Hyperopia
D.) Presbyopia
Which orthopedic exam will test cranial nerves III, IV, and VI?
Cardinal Field of Gaze
What is the most common cause of periorbital edema?
a. ) Hypertension
b. ) Hypotension
c. ) Allergies
d. ) Conjunctivitis
c.) Allergies
Which of the following conditions has an absent red light reflex?
a. ) Diabetic retinopathy
b. ) Glaucoma
c. ) Macular degeneration
d. ) Cataracts
d.) Cataracts
This is a sluggish papillary reaction seen in Addison’s Disease?
a. ) Drusen sign
b. ) Crescent sign
c. ) Arroyo sign
d. ) Tangential sign
c.) Arroyo sign
This is a grayish opaque ring around the cornea?
a. ) Choked disc
b. ) Pinguecula
c. ) Corneal arcus
d. ) External ophthalmoplegia
c.) Corneal arcus
Which of the following signs is seen in Ankylosing Spondylitis?
a. ) Blepharitis
b. ) Uveitis
c. ) Mydriasis
d. ) Aniscoria
b.) Uveitis
Which of the following is the most common reason for blindness in the elderly?
a. ) Glaucoma
b. ) Macular degeneration
c. ) Cataracts
d. ) Retinal detachment
b.) Macular degeneration
Which of the following is seen in a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?
a. ) Periorbital edema
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) External ophthalmoplegia
d. ) Internal ophthalmoplegia
d.) Internal ophthalmoplegia
Which of the following symptoms is seen in a patient with Graves Disease?
a. ) Myxedema
b. ) Adie’s pupil
c. ) Exophthalmosis
d. ) Periorbital edema
c.) Exophthalmosis
Yellow deposits under the retina is seen with which condition?
a. ) Diabetic neuropathy
b. ) Macular degeneration
c. ) Pinquecula
d. ) Pterygium
b.) Macular degeneration
Hypercholesterolemia is associated with which of the following conditions?
a. ) Papilledema
b. ) Mydriasis
c. ) Presbyopia
d. ) Xanthelasma
d. ) Xanthelasma
- fatty plaques on the nasal surface of the eyelids
This triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows across the cornea and is brought on by dry eyes?
a. ) Pinquecula
b. ) Pterygium
c. ) Arroyo sign
d. ) Exophthalmosis
b.) Pterygium
Associated with cranial nerve III paralysis?
a. ) Xanthelasma
b. ) Mydriasis
c. ) Ptosis
d. ) Myxedema
c.) Ptosis
Characteristics of Diabetic Retinopathy vs Hypertensive Retinopathy?
Diabetic Retinopathy
- HARD exudates
- Microaneurysms
- Neovascularization
Hypertensive Retinopathy
- SOFT exudate (cotton wool)
- Copper wire deformity
- Silver wire deformity
- A-V nicking
- Flaming hemorrhages
Increased intraocular pressure is caused by what conditions?
- Glaucoma
- Hypertensive Retinopathy
Crescent sign is associated with?
a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration
c.) Glaucoma
Drusen sign is associated with?
a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration
d.) Macular degeneration
An absent red light reflex is associated with?
a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration
a.) Cataracts
Which of the following does not cause loss of vision?
a. ) Cataracts
b. ) Papilledema
c. ) Glaucoma
d. ) Macular degeneration
b.) Papilledema
When does Papilledema cause loss of vision?
When it occurs with optic neuritis…
