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Question 0

Who was Muhammad Ali (Mehmit Ali) and what impact did he have on Egyptian history?

Answer 0

1. He was an ottoman soldier whose skill and ruthlessness helped establish an empire in Egypt, where he became the first dynasty ruler of.
2. Modern schools, tax collection under his control, strong military, agricultural power

Question 1

What are some examples of losses of territory suffered by Ottoman Empire I the 18th and 19th century?

Answer 1

18th century—black sea territories (Russia), Egypt (France)

19th century—Balkans, Greece (Britain), Serbia (independence), Algeria (France)

Question 2

What changes to the Ottoman Empire were encompassed by tan image reforms? Ramifications?

Answer 2

1. Centralized power, copied European state model, and managed population
2. Had to take out loans and were bankrupt in 30 years

Question 3

What changes came in the last years of the Qajar dynasty?

Answer 3

Schools with French teachers, telegraph, postal service, military force, relationship with other countries

Question 4

Which countries in the Arabian Peninsula became British protectorates during the 19th century? Britain’s relationship with Kuwait?

Answer 4

1. Yemen Kuwait Oman Qatar Buhrain

2. Values oil so declared them and independent British protectorate and part of British empire until 1961

Question 5

Nahda

Answer 5

Arabic Renaissance: removed ottoman influence, modern Arabic language, woman’s equal rights were discussed

Question 6

What caused Arab revolt of 1936?

Answer 6

1. Discovery of shop carrying arms for Zionist

2. Assassination of Shaykn izz al-din at hands of British

Question 7

What cause a war between Israel and Palestine? What was the immediate result?

Answer 7

1. Zionists and Jews were fighting and both wanted piece of Palestine which Britain granted to the Jews
2. UN divided Palestine into two states and Israel declared itself independent and Palestinians were displaced

Question 8

What major changes did Mustafa Kemal initiate and okay in Turkey’s history?

Answer 8

Gained Turkey’s independence

Made parliament called Gran National Assembly

Question 9

What was the political goal of the Kurdish Workers Party (PKK)?

Answer 9

Launched insurgency against Turkish state and wanted a Kurdish region of turkey for minorities

Question 10

How were reforms initiated by Reza Shah in Iran similar to those of Mustafa Kemal in Turkey?

Answer 10

Similar in the way they both supported military, modernized programs, legal and social reforms, purified language, traditional clothing outlawed

Question 11

Why would Armaco in Saudi Arabia be called the “ministry of public works”?

Answer 11

Telephone networks
Public transformations 
Airports 
Roads 
All for exportation

Question 12

Main components of Nassersm

Answer 12

Nationalized banking
Restricted land one family could hold
Large manufacturing
Mass education system and universities

Question 13

Which country controlled the West Bank?

Answer 13

Transjordan controlled West Bank

Question 14

What changes came to the Palestinian movement as a result of the 1967 war?

Answer 14

Surrounding countries gave them money to put pressure on rivals. Tried to fight Israel and failed resulting in Black September

Question 15

When did the PLO move their base from Jordan to Lebanon? To Tunis? Why?

Answer 15

To attack Israel from West Bank (Jordan, ‘69)
Moved to Lebanon in wake of black September (‘72)
Tunis after Israel drive them out in a 6 month insurgency.

Question 16

What caused the 1987-1993 intifada?

Answer 16

Intensification of Israeli occupation tactics

Lack of services (water/electricity)

Violence exploded over traffic accident