PAES 204:2015 - 205:2015 Flashcards
PAES 204:2015 - 205:2015
Mechanic Rice Thresher
throw-in type of thresher which allows the cut plants to move in a helical manner around the
threshing cylinder with a net effect of moving the material axially between the feeding and
discharge outlets
axial flow thresher
ratio of the weight of grains blown with the chaff by the thresher fan, to the weight of thetotal
grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
blower loss
grains that were broken (partially or fully) as a result of threshing operation
broken grain
empty grains and crushed straw being discharged from the threshing chamber
chaff
small sized thresher
compact thresher
concave component
iron grill frame partially or fully surrounding the cylinder on which the threshing elements
rubs, shear and/or impact the cut plants
concave grate
grainswhich show signs of fissures, fractures or splinters
cracked grains
grain content
ratio of the weight of the grains present in the panicles, to the total weight of the grain and
straw in the same sample
grain-straw ratio
type of thresher wherein the panicles of the cut plants are fed into the threshing chamber
while the stalks are mechanically or manually held during the threshing operation
hold-on thresher
machine used to detach and separate the paddy from the panicles
mechanical rice thresher
amount of moisture in the grain, expressed as percentage of the total weight of the sample
(dry basis)
moisture content
paddy
rice
rough rice
unhulled grain of Oryza sativa L., that is, grain with the hull/husk
palay
type of threshing cylinder wherein spikes or pegs are attached on the periphery of the
cylinder in tandem or in helical arrangements
peg-tooth cylinder
ratio of the weight of clean grains to the total weight of unclean grains sample, expressed in
percent
purity
type of threshing cylinder wherein threshing is done between bar-like protrusions in
parallelorientation laid on the periphery of the cylinder and stationary bars built into or
attached tothe concave grate
rasp-bar cylinder
engine speed, indicated in revolutions per minute (rpm) of the engine shaft, as specified by
theengine manufacturer for operation at nominal continuous load
rated engine speed
ratio of the weight of grains that fell out from the machine during threshing operation, to
theweight of the total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
scattering loss
ratio of the weight of grains that come out of the threshing chamber with the straw, to
theweight of total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
separation loss
common type of thresher that gives off a capacity of 0.3 – 1.5 tons/hr
standard thresher
cut plants length measured from the point of cut to the tip of the panicle
straw length
threshing chamber
part of the thresher where the grains are detached and separated from the panicles
threshing unit
threshing drum
part of the threshing unit that rotates about an axis and it is equipped with either pegs, rasp
bars, or wire loops on its periphery
threshing cylinder
ratio of the weight of the threshed grains collected at all outlets, to the total grain input of the
thresher, expressed in percent
threshing efficiency
attachments of the threshing cylinder such as peg tooth, wire-loop and rasp-bar that detaches
the grains from the panicles
threshing element
ratio of the weight of the threshed grains collected at the main grain outlet, to the weight of
the total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
threshing recovery
throw-in type of thresher wherein cut plants are fed between the rotating cylinder and
stationary concave, and the threshed materials/straws are discharged out of the threshing
chamber tangentially
through flow thresher
type of thresher which detaches the grains by feeding the cut plants into the machine
throw-in thresher
sum of the weights of collected threshed grains and all grains loss during threshing
total grain input
ratio of the weight of grains that remained in the panicles of the plants fed into the threshing
chamber, to the weight of total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
unthreshed loss
type of threshing cylinder wherein wires of the same arc and size are attached on the
periphery of the cylinder in tandem arrangement with or without the threshing concave
wire-loop cylinder
Classification
A. Method of feeding
1. Hold-on type (Figure 1)
2. Throw-in type (Figure 2)
B. Operation
1. Axial flow type
2. Through flow type
C. Threshing cylinder
1. Peg-tooth cylinder (Figure 3)
2. Rasp-bar cylinder (Figure 4)
3. Wire-loop cylinder (Figure 5)
D. Capacity
1. Compact
2. Standard
3. High capacity
the weight of the threshed grain collected from the main grain outlet per unit time
actual capacity
threshed grain with 100% purity exclusive of the empty grains and other impurities
clean threshed grain
the clearance between cylinder threshing elements and concave component
concave clearance
concave component
an iron grill frame partly surrounding the cylinder on which the threshing elements rub, shear
and/or impact the cut plants
concave grate
the corrected capacity of the thresher at 20% grain moisture content (wet basis), grain-straw
ratio of 0.55 and 100% purity
corrected capacity
the distance between the outermost points along the cylinder base axis
cylinder length
the equivalent linear speed of the cylinder tip when running at normal operating speed,
expressed in m/s
cylinder peripheral speed
outside diameter generated by the outermost point of the cylinder threshing elements
effective cylinder diameter
grain content
the ratio of the weight of the grains present in the panicles, to the total weight of the grain and
straw in the same sample
grain-straw ratio
a semi-circular shaped wire mesh or bar grate covering the lower portion of the threshing
chamber which causes the grains to separate from the panicles
lower concave
an electric motor, or a gasoline or diesel fed engine used to run the thresher
primemover
preliminary operation of the machine to make various adjustments prior to the conduct of test
running-in period
the weight of the threshed grains collected at the grain outlet
threshing output
the sum of the weights of collected threshed grains and all threshing losses
total grain input
semi-circular shaped grate at the upper portion of the threshing cylinder with louvers which
assist threshing and axial movement of the straw
upper concave
Test trial
A minimum of ???, with duration of at least ???, shall be
adopted.
two (2) test trials
15 minutes per trial
The noise emitted by the machine, with or without load, shall be measured using a noise level
meter both at the location of the operators and baggers. The noise, expressed in dB(A), shall
be taken approximately ??? away from the ear level of the operators and baggers.
5cm
The speed of the threshing cylinder, blower, and other driven components, with and without
load, shall be measured using a ???, expressed in ???.
tachometer
rpm
Calculation
For uniform result of output capacity due to variation in grain moisture content and grain
ratio, the output capacity shall be corrected at ???.
100% purity, 20% moisture content, and 0.55
grain-straw ratio
Quantity to be supplied
The amount of test material to be supplied shall be sufficient for ??? in order to provide samples to be used for running-in prior to the actual
conduct of test trials.
one hour of continuous
threshing operation
During each test trial, samples shall be collected from different outlets to be analyzed
in the laboratory for losses, purity and grain quality. The minimum amount of sample to be
taken shall be ??? for a particular analysis. The excess sample
shall be used for reference purposes or for an eventual second check in case of review. T
twice as much as what is needed
Main grain outlet
Using a plastic bag or an appropriate container, collect ??? of
approximately ??? from the outlet. A final sample of approximately ??? shall be
taken to the laboratory for analysis.
four or more samples
0.5 kg each
1.5 kg
Main grain outlet
Using a plastic bag or an appropriate container, collect ??? of
approximately ??? from the outlet. A final sample of approximately ??? shall be
taken to the laboratory for analysis.
four or more samples
0.5 kg each
1.5 kg
D.2.1.2Straw thrower outlet
In the collection of sample in this outlet, use a rectangular box-shaped nylon catch with a dimension of ??? open at one end of the small side. ??? shall be collected
From this outlet with ??? per collection. Separate the free grain mixed with
the straw and the grains that are still attached to the panicle. Put them in a separate container and label them as separation loss and unthreshed loss, respectively.
1.5 m x 0.5 m
Five samples
five-second duration
Chaff outlet
During the test, ??? shall be taken from the chaff outlet for ??? per collection
by using a nylon net, with a dimension of ???, held by two persons at both ends.
These samples shall be placed in appropriate containers and labeled as blower loss.
five samples
one minute
1.5 m x 1.0 m
Provisions shall be provided for the collection scattered grains with maximum distance of ??? away from the base of the machine.
1.0
m
For each data to be taken there shall be a
minimum of ??? observations.
five
Measurement of Straw Length
This shall be taken using at least ??? representative samples of cut plants and measuring the
length from the point of cut to the tip of the panicle.
ten
Measurement of Grain Content
In measuring the grain-straw ratio, take three representative samples of approximately ??? each of cut plants from the test materials.
500
grams
Purity Determination
Take ??? from the final sample taken from the main grain outlet. Clean the grains to
remove the impurities and other foreign matters.
500 g
Blower loss
??? samples shall be taken at the chaff outlet to collect grains mixed with the chaff.
Five
Separation loss
??? samples shall be taken at the straw outlet to collect loose grains mixed with the straw.
Five
Scattering loss
Grains scattered around the thresher with a maximum distance of ??? away from the base
Of the machine, shall be collected after each trial, cleaned and weighed for the determination
of scattering loss.
1.0 m
Determination of Net Percent Cracked Grains
Three samples from manually threshed and machine threshed grains shall be taken for
analysis. Each sample shall consist of ???. These grains shall be manually dehulled
and inspected for the presence of fissures.
100 grains
Determination of Percent Broken Grains
??? samples from machine-threshed grains shall be taken for analysis. Each sample shall
consist of ???. Separate those grains that were broken crushed or dehulled (partially or
fully) and weigh.
Three
100 grams
