Paeds: neuro Flashcards
Cerebral Palsy
what is it
permanent neurological problems resulting from damage to the brain around the time of birth
Cerebral Palsy
antenatal causes
- maternal infections
- trauma during pregnancy
Cerebral Palsy
perinatal causes
- birth asphyxia
- pre-term birth
Cerebral Palsy
postnatal causes
- meningitis
- severe neonatal jaundice
- head injury
Cerebral Palsy
what is spastic CP (aka pyramidal CP)
damage to UMNs
hypertonia + reduced function
Cerebral Palsy
what is dyskinetic CP (aka athetoid CP and extrapyramidal CP)
damage to basal ganglia
hyper + hypotonia –> athetoid movements + oro-motor problems
Cerebral Palsy
what is Ataxic CP
damage to the cerebellum
problems with coordinated movement
Cerebral Palsy
what is Mixed CP
a mix of spastic, dyskinetic and/or ataxic features
Cerebral Palsy
what is monoplegia
one limb affected
Cerebral Palsy
what is Hemiplegia
one side of the body affected
Cerebral Palsy
what is Diplegia
four limbs are affects, but mostly the legs
Cerebral Palsy
what is Quadriplegia
four limbs are affected more severely, often with seizures, speech disturbance and other impairments
Cerebral Palsy
signs + sx
- Failure to meet milestones
- Increased or decreased tone, generally or in specific limbs
- Hand preference <18 m
- Problems with coordination, speech or walking
- Feeding or swallowing problems
- Learning difficulties
Cerebral Palsy
what does a hemiplegic/diplegic gait indicate
an UMN lesion
Cerebral Palsy
what does a Broad based gait / ataxic gait indicate
a cerebellar lesion
