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4th Year > Paeds > Flashcards

Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

What most common cause bronch

A

Rsv

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2
Q

What most common cause croup

A

Parainfluenza

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3
Q

Epiglottitis - they are septic and drooling look periarrest. How do you approach and organism

A

Hands off and Hemophilus influenza B

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4
Q

A 1 year old child should weigh?

A

10kg

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5
Q

Croup treatment

A

Nebulised adrenaline 400mcg/kg

Dexamethasone - constrict blood vessels 0.15mg/kg

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6
Q

Acute asthma prednisone dose

A

35mg od for three days

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7
Q

Acute epiglottitis cause? Symptoms?

A

H. Influenza, drooling, stridor, unwell, rapid onset high temp

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8
Q

U descended testes age of review?

A

3-6 months by surgeon

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9
Q

Pca thrombus

A

Pushes on third painful palsy and dilated pupil

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10
Q

Intussusception after age 3?

A

Leukemia or lymphoma

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11
Q

2 day old has meningitis cause?

A

Group B strep

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12
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Group A hemolytic strep

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13
Q

Gastroenteritis children cause uk

A

Rota virus

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14
Q

Triad of hemolytic uremic syndrome

A

Hemolytic anemia, aki, thrombocytopenia

E coli 157 is the cause it deposits 157 toxin in kidney

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15
Q

Immunoglobulin associated with hsp

A

IgA

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16
Q

Post urti purpura

often group A strep

A

HSP

17
Q

Delayed meconium of over 48 hrs

A

Atresia
Meconium ileus
Hirschprubgs

18
Q

Gower’s sign

A

Ducchenne boys walking up body

19
Q

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Risk factors

bilateral or unilateral?

Ix

Rx

A

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is gradually replacing the old term ‘congenital dislocation of the hip’ (CDH). It affects around 1-3% of newborns.

Risk factors
female sex: 6 times greater risk
breech presentation
positive family history
firstborn children
oligohydramnios
birth weight > 5 kg
congenital calcaneovalgus foot deformity

DDH is slightly more common in the left hip. Around 20% of cases are bilateral.

Clinical examination is made using the Barlow and Ortolani tests:
Barlow test: attempts to dislocate an articulated femoral head
Ortolani test: attempts to relocate a dislocated femoral head

Ultrasound is used to confirm the diagnosis if clinically suspected

Management
most unstable hips will spontaneously stabilise by 3-6 weeks of age
Pavlik harness (flexion-abduction orthosis) in children younger than 4-5 months
older children may require surgery

20
Q

Toddler’s diarrhoea features

Ix

Rx

A

Toddlers diarrhoea is a benign condition that causes the child no problems. It is due to the fast transit through their digestive system and often contains undigested food. It requires no treatment. It is important to plot their height and weight to ensure no serious underlying diagnosis is present such as coeliac, which would present with the child falling centiles on the growth chart. Gastroenteritis wouldn’t last for months and it is likely that others in the household would be suffering from it too. Lactose intolerance would also have abdominal pain and bloating as symptoms and the diarrhoea would be linked to eating dairy. Giardiasis is an parasitic infection and the child normally has watery stools, nausea and fever.

21
Q

roseola infantum presentation, cause

A

Roseola infantum (also known as exanthem subitum, occasionally sixth disease) is a common disease of infancy caused by the human herpes virus 6 (HHV6). It has an incubation period of 5-15 days and typically affects children aged 6 months to 2 years.

Features
high fever: lasting a few days, followed by a
maculopapular rash
febrile convulsions occur in around 10-15%
diarrhoea and cough are also commonly seen

Other possible consequences of HHV6 infection
aseptic meningitis
hepatitis

22
Q

systolic murmur with split second heart sound?

A

atrial septal defect

23
Q

NEC features on x ray

A

dilated bowel loops (often asymmetrical in distribution)
bowel wall oedema
pneumatosis intestinalis (intramural gas)
portal venous gas
pneumoperitoneum resulting from perforation
air both inside and outside of the bowel wall (Rigler sign)
air outlining the falciform ligament (football sign)

24
Q

pecocious puberty in males is before age:

A

9

25
Q

scarlett fever where does the sandpaper rash start?

A

chest

26
Q

treatment for scarlett fever

A

oral penicillin, it is caused by group A strep

27
Q

what proportion of children with retinoblastoma survive till adulthood

A

90%

28
Q

What age is cow’s milk protein allergy usually resolved by

A

5 years

4th Year (10 decks)

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