Ophthalmology Flashcards
Mydriasis
Dilation of pupil
Horner’s symptoms
Ptosis, miosis, enopthalmos +- unilateral anhydrosis
Tunnel vision and night blindness.
Retinitis pigmentosa
Loss of visual acuity and acute pain after mydriatic eye drops
Acute angle closure glaucoma
Prognosis of wet vs dry macula degeneration
Wet is worst
Normal intraocular pressure
10-21mmhg
Hutchinson’s sign
The presence of vesicular rash on the tip of the nose in herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a predictor of eye involvement. Ophthalmicus simply refers to V1 involvement
Anterior Uveitis also called and features
Iritis
Hypopyon, small fixed oval pupil, ciliary flush
Associated with HLA B27 ankolysing spondylitis (BACK PAIN) and chrons disease
Dark spots in vision or sudden visual loss diabetes, bleeding disorders aspirin use
Vitreous hemorrhage
Hypsrcapnia
Can cause papilloedema from raised intracranial pressure. Hyperventilating to induce hypomania most be used to treat in emergency
Tunnel vision conditions
Glaucoma Papilloedema Retinitis pigmentosa Choroidoretinitis Optic atrophy secondary to tabes dorsalis Hysteria
Causes of cataracts
Common - age, UV light
Systemic - Downs, Hypocalcemia, diabetes Mellitus, steroid, congenital rubella,
Lens dislocation causes
marfan syndrome, homocystinuria, Ehler danlos syndrome, trauma uveal tumors, autosomal recessive ectopia lentis
Long sighted Short sighted No sight problem Age related sight loss And their risks
Hyperopia - open angle glaucoma
Myopia
Emmetropia
Presbyopia
Non-pathological difference in pupil size present on 20% of population
Essential anisocoria
bacterial cause corneal ulcer
ofloxacin pseudomonas
eye surgery
endopthalmitis
raised io pressure
rejection graft
orbital cellulitis
IV abx cerebral abcess, cavernous sinus thrombosis
metal damage in eye from foreign body
sidirosis
bacteria in contact lense keratitis
pseudomonas
biggest risk factor for age related macular degeneration and no. 1 treatment
stop smoking bro
risk factors for vitreous hemmorhage and what they predent with
dark spots obscure vision, aspirin, diabetes
