Neuro Flashcards
Antiepyleptics that fuck with the pill
Phenytoin Carbemazapine definitely do by enhancing enzymes reducing effectiveness
Lamotrigine is a maybe because it is non enzyme enducing but the pill might lower the Lamotrigine levels and the Lamotrigine might lower oestrogen levels
topiremate - barbituate
Sodium valproate is safe
LP findings in MS
oligoclonal bands
LP indications
CS infection
subarachnoid
raised ICP
idiopathic intercranial hypertension - this one is therapeutic, tap every now and then
idiopathic intercranial hypertension
acetozolamide
LP tap every now and then
end of spinal cord
L1 L2
where to do LP
l3/4 or l4/5
how do you tell traumatic tap or subarach
usually you take 3-4 taps. do a 5th . if massive discrepency between first cells and 5th cells then trauma is cause and take the second result
GCS of 8 is protect airway and defined as coma
8
MS autoantibody or T cell mediated
T cell
types of MS in order commoness
relapsing remitting
primary progressive
relapsing progressive
LHermittes sign
flex neck electric shock
optic neuritis symptoms
pain on moving eyes and visual bluriness
where does MS start
investigations
legs
MRI T2 new lesions T1 old lesions. enhance with gandolinium contrast
acute relapse of ms treat:
steroid
preventer in active phase
fingolimod prevents and natalizumab does t cells
berry aneurysm repair
surgical clip or coil
temporal lobe epilepsy
epigastric rising, deja vu, automatism, olfactory symptoms
frontal
jaxonian march, one hand posturing
most common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy
hippocampal sclerosis
temporal lobe epilepsy type of seizure
partial
generalised seizures treat
sod val, leviteracetam(cepra), lamotrigine ,carbemazipine
prophylaxis migraine
b blocker, pizotifl which is 5HT2 antagonist
memantine mechanism
NMDA receptor antagonist
absence seizures
ethosuximide
partial seizures treat
carbemazipine
status epilepticus
rectal diazepam, buccal midazolam, if iv access start with iv lorazepam if not work phenytoin infusion, phenobarb if you think they alcoholic give thiamine via pabrenax if still no work give general
dorsiflexion nerve root
L5
knee flexion
L5, S1
median nerve muscles
LOAF
ulnar muscles
HILA
trigeminal neuralgia treat
carbemazipine
myasthenia gravis
autoantibodies against NMJ, edrophonium, diagnostic test with atropine to stop having bradychardia.
pyridostigmine is treatment
myasthenia crisis is resp failure
CPP =
MAP - ICP
CBF =
CPP/CVR
