Paeds 3 Flashcards
B-thal major v minor presentation?
Major = presents 3-6m w/ profound anaemia
Minor = well-tolerated hypochromic microcytic anaemia incidental finding
Cardio changes after birth?
L. Atrial pressure rises
Plumonary resistance falls (to increases BF there)
BF to R. Atrium falls –> closure of foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus closes few days after
When to stop CPR in children?
> 60bpm, regular breathing
What things can give you erythema nodosum?
Infection - strep throat, herpes, TB and mycoplasma
Drugs - COCP, NSAIDs and Sulphonamides
Systemic - Sarcoid, pregnancy and IBD
Who can have medical mx of obesity?
V Obese children >12y w/ significant co-morbidities
Most common cause of acute scrotum in children affecting pre-pubertal boys?
Hydatid torsion
Blue dot sign on testicle + present cremasteric reflex =
Hydatid torsion
What is a accumulation of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis that presents as an asymptomatic and progressive scrotal swelling
which transilluminates and surrounds the testicle?
Hydrocoele
Dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus that may be asymptomatic or cause a dull ache
On examination, the lump may feel like a ‘bag of worms’ and does not
transilluminate.
Varicocoele
EEG shows An EEG will show fast generalised spike and wave patterns. It has a good prognosis and tends to go into remission in adolescence - what is the DDx?
Childhood absence epilepsy
Mx of person who gets thelarche before 8y (eg. @2y)?
Thelarce in absence of other signs of puberty = non-progressive benign condition w/out complications hence reassure + review in 4-6m to check for signs of precocious puberty
What causes prominent calcaneus, midfoot dorsiflexion, and a convexly rounded sole?
Vertical talus (rocker-bottom feet)
What causes a fixed defect in which one or both feet point downwards and inwards, with the sole of the foot facing backwards?
Talipes equinovarus (clubfoot)
mx = ponseti method (cast every 5-8w)
What is similar to talipes equinovarus but feet
are in an abnormal position due to the cramped conditions in utero but can be corrected with passive manipulation
Positional talipes
What occurs occurs when the longitudinal arch in the foot has flattened or collapsed?
Pes planus (flat feet)
What is …… is the opposite of pes planus, describing a high-arched claw foot and is associated with Charcot Marie Tooth disease and Friedreich’s ataxi
Pes cavus
Eczema drug mx?
- Mild = Hydrocortison 1%
- Moderate =Betamethasone valerate 0.025% or Clobetason butyrate 0.05%
- Potent = Betamethasone valerate 0.1% or Mometasone furoate 0.1%
- Very potent = clobetasol propionate 0.1%
When to admit pts w suspected EBV?
Suspected complications, such as dehydration or splenic rupture
What is Choanal atresia?
Is a rare congenital disorder in which the choanal openings (nasal passages) fail to form
A 1-week-old boy is brought to the ambulatory care centre by his father
who claims that he often chokes and struggles to breathe when he is
feeding. He explains that he often ‘turns blue’ which resolves when he
starts to cry. He does not have fever or other flu-like symptoms. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Choanal atresia
Patients with …………… are at increased risk of epilepsy, gastrooesophageal reflux, chronic constipation, behavioural and learning difficulties,
and impairments of vision and hearing. Patients also tend to have trouble
sleeping and produce excess saliva leading to drooling
Cerebral palsy
