Paeds Flashcards
How long after eruption of primary teeth is root formation complete?
12-18 months
How long after eruption of permanent teeth is root formation complete?
2-3 years
Hypodontia
1-6 missing teeth
Ectodermal dysplasia
Hypodontia, occasionally andodontia, microdontia, classic conical shaped teeth
Supernumerary teeth (4 types)
Conical (cone-like)
tuberculate (tube-like)
Supplemental (same form and function of adjacent teeth with no anatomical differences)
Odontomes (benign tumour of tooth tissue)
What genetic disorder is associated with supernumerary teeth?
Cleidocranial dysplasia, cleft palate
Microdontia
Smaller teeth (can be associated with cleft lip and palate)
Macrodontia
Enlarged tooth (can have various potential due to not allowing appropriate cleaning)
Dens invaginatus vs evaginatus
Dens evaginatus is a cusp-like projection of enamel on the tooth crown while dens invaginatus is an inversion or enfolding of enamel into the crown, sometimes extending beyond the CEJ or into the root.
Dilaceration
Taurodontism
Elongated pulp chamber in a multi-rooted tooth resulting in difference in root morphology with a low bifurcation
MIH - how is breakdown presented?
Post-eruptively, cusp fracture
What clinical presentation would warrant microabrasion to be successful for aesthetic improvement?
If brown patches were more superficial
In patients with MIH what is an ideal time to extract their affected 6s?
8-10 years old —> spontaneous space closure on eruption of 7s
In patients with MIH what is an ideal time to extract their affected 6s - too early ?
distal drifting of 5s and spacing
In patients with MIH what is an ideal time to extract their affected 6s - too late?
no mesial drift of 7s, instead tipping of 7s and spacing
Fluorosis definition
Hypomineralisation and hypoplasia of enamel cause by systemic ingestion of excessive fluoride
Typically will only show on permanent teeth
Amelogenesis imperfecta
Genetic disorders affecting enamel formation:
Hypoplastic
Hypocalcified
Hypomaturation
Chronological hypoplasia
Quantitative defect of enamel caused by a systemic environmental factor, affecting multiple teeth in a linear pattern.
Turner teeth
Hypoplasia in a single tooth caused by local insult (can be a result of primary tooth trauma)
Dentinogenesis imperfecta: type 1
associated with osteogenesis imperfecta, brittle bones etc
Dentinogenesis imperfecta: type 2
Isolated DI condition (not associated with another condition) affects dentine only, not bones - similar clinically to type 1.
Dentinogenesis imperfecta: type 3
Brandy wine isolate, teeth may be amber, opalescent or even normal in colour but often have large pulp chambers and are prone to severe wear and early loss.
Genetic factor involved in dentinogenesis imperfecta
DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein)
Dentine dysplasia: type 1 and 2
Dentine Dysplasia Type I is characterized by normal-looking crowns but short, blunted, or absent roots, leading to early tooth loss.
Dentine Dysplasia Type II (DD Type II)
Definition: Dentine Dysplasia Type II presents with normal root length but affects the primary teeth, which show amber discoloration and pulp obliteration, while permanent teeth appear normal or only mildly affected.
Difference from Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and dentine dysplasia
Unlike dentinogenesis imperfecta, which affects both the crown and root structure of the teeth leading to discoloration and fragility, dentine dysplasia primarily impacts the root formation (Type I) or the primary teeth’s pulp chambers and appearance (Type II) without the generalized crown discoloration seen in dentinogenesis imperfecta.
Hypophosphatemic Rickets
Defective mineralisation of dentine, large pulps, short roots, risk of peridontal disease.
Spontaneous abscesses
Intrinsic staining
Discolouration of a tooth caused by intrinsic discolouration of the dentine during tooth formation.
Hypophosphatasia
Disorder of the cementum - A group of disorders of bone formation caused by defects in the alkaline phosphates gene.
Regional odontodysplasia
Unerupted teeth, may be alveolar expansion, teeth that do erupt are very abnormal in their morphology, size and mineralisation.
ERUPTION DATES: 6 years
ERUPTION DATES: 7-8 years
ERUPTION DATES: 8-9 years
ERUPTION DATES: 9-10 YEARS
ERUPTION DATES: 10-11 YEARS
ERUPTION DATES: 10-12
ERUPTION DATES: 11-12 YEARS
ERUPTION DATES: 11-13 YEARS
ERUPTION DATES: 12-13 YEARS
ERUPTION DATES: 17-21 YEARS
SDF
Fluoride recommendations: Normal caries risk
1000-1500ppm (1450ppm is typical)
Fluoride recommendations: high risk of caries children (10-16 yrs)
2800ppm
Fluoride recommendations: High risk of caries over 16 yrs
5000pp,
