Paeds

Question 1

How long after eruption of primary teeth is root formation complete?

Answer 1

12-18 months

Question 2

How long after eruption of permanent teeth is root formation complete?

Answer 2

2-3 years

Question 3

Hypodontia

Answer 3

1-6 missing teeth

Question 4

Ectodermal dysplasia

Answer 4

Hypodontia, occasionally andodontia, microdontia, classic conical shaped teeth

Question 5

Supernumerary teeth (4 types)

Answer 5

Conical (cone-like)
tuberculate (tube-like)
Supplemental (same form and function of adjacent teeth with no anatomical differences)
Odontomes (benign tumour of tooth tissue)

Question 6

What genetic disorder is associated with supernumerary teeth?

Answer 6

Cleidocranial dysplasia, cleft palate

Question 7

Microdontia

Answer 7

Smaller teeth (can be associated with cleft lip and palate)

Question 8

Macrodontia

Answer 8

Enlarged tooth (can have various potential due to not allowing appropriate cleaning)

Question 9

Dens invaginatus vs evaginatus

Answer 9

Dens evaginatus is a cusp-like projection of enamel on the tooth crown while dens invaginatus is an inversion or enfolding of enamel into the crown, sometimes extending beyond the CEJ or into the root.

Question 10

Dilaceration

Answer 10

Question 11

Taurodontism

Answer 11

Elongated pulp chamber in a multi-rooted tooth resulting in difference in root morphology with a low bifurcation

Question 12

MIH - how is breakdown presented?

Answer 12

Post-eruptively, cusp fracture

Question 13

What clinical presentation would warrant microabrasion to be successful for aesthetic improvement?

Answer 13

If brown patches were more superficial

Question 14

In patients with MIH what is an ideal time to extract their affected 6s?

Answer 14

8-10 years old —> spontaneous space closure on eruption of 7s

Question 15

In patients with MIH what is an ideal time to extract their affected 6s - too early ?

Answer 15

distal drifting of 5s and spacing

Question 16

In patients with MIH what is an ideal time to extract their affected 6s - too late?

Answer 16

no mesial drift of 7s, instead tipping of 7s and spacing

Question 17

Fluorosis definition

Answer 17

Hypomineralisation and hypoplasia of enamel cause by systemic ingestion of excessive fluoride

Typically will only show on permanent teeth

Question 18

Amelogenesis imperfecta

Answer 18

Genetic disorders affecting enamel formation:
Hypoplastic
Hypocalcified
Hypomaturation

Question 19

Chronological hypoplasia

Answer 19

Quantitative defect of enamel caused by a systemic environmental factor, affecting multiple teeth in a linear pattern.

Question 20

Turner teeth

Answer 20

Hypoplasia in a single tooth caused by local insult (can be a result of primary tooth trauma)

Question 21

Dentinogenesis imperfecta: type 1

Answer 21

associated with osteogenesis imperfecta, brittle bones etc

Question 22

Dentinogenesis imperfecta: type 2

Answer 22

Isolated DI condition (not associated with another condition) affects dentine only, not bones - similar clinically to type 1.

Question 23

Dentinogenesis imperfecta: type 3

Answer 23

Brandy wine isolate, teeth may be amber, opalescent or even normal in colour but often have large pulp chambers and are prone to severe wear and early loss.

Question 24

Genetic factor involved in dentinogenesis imperfecta

Answer 24

DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein)

Question 25

Dentine dysplasia: type 1 and 2

Answer 25

Dentine Dysplasia Type I is characterized by normal-looking crowns but short, blunted, or absent roots, leading to early tooth loss. Dentine Dysplasia Type II (DD Type II) Definition: Dentine Dysplasia Type II presents with normal root length but affects the primary teeth, which show amber discoloration and pulp obliteration, while permanent teeth appear normal or only mildly affected.

Question 26

Difference from Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and dentine dysplasia

Answer 26

Unlike dentinogenesis imperfecta, which affects both the crown and root structure of the teeth leading to discoloration and fragility, dentine dysplasia primarily impacts the root formation (Type I) or the primary teeth's pulp chambers and appearance (Type II) without the generalized crown discoloration seen in dentinogenesis imperfecta.

Question 27

Hypophosphatemic Rickets

Answer 27

Defective mineralisation of dentine, large pulps, short roots, risk of peridontal disease. Spontaneous abscesses

Question 28

Intrinsic staining

Answer 28

Discolouration of a tooth caused by intrinsic discolouration of the dentine during tooth formation.

Question 29

Hypophosphatasia

Answer 29

Disorder of the cementum - A group of disorders of bone formation caused by defects in the alkaline phosphates gene.

Question 30

Regional odontodysplasia

Answer 30

Unerupted teeth, may be alveolar expansion, teeth that do erupt are very abnormal in their morphology, size and mineralisation.

Question 31

ERUPTION DATES: 6 years

Answer 31

Question 32

ERUPTION DATES: 7-8 years

Answer 32

Question 33

ERUPTION DATES: 8-9 years

Answer 33

Question 34

ERUPTION DATES: 9-10 YEARS

Answer 34

Question 35

ERUPTION DATES: 10-11 YEARS

Answer 35

Question 36

ERUPTION DATES: 10-12

Answer 36

Question 37

ERUPTION DATES: 11-12 YEARS

Answer 37

Question 38

ERUPTION DATES: 11-13 YEARS

Answer 38

Question 39

ERUPTION DATES: 12-13 YEARS

Answer 39

Question 40

ERUPTION DATES: 17-21 YEARS

Answer 40

Question 41

SDF

Answer 41

Question 42

Fluoride recommendations: Normal caries risk

Answer 42

1000-1500ppm (1450ppm is typical)

Question 43

Fluoride recommendations: high risk of caries children (10-16 yrs)

Answer 43

2800ppm

Question 44

Fluoride recommendations: High risk of caries over 16 yrs

Answer 44

5000pp,