paediatrics Flashcards
4 week old baby with a history of coryzal symptoms followed by violent coughing fits
there are periods where child stops breathing and turns blue
this is highly suggestive of :
bordetella pertussis
infants who develop whooping cough may not have the classic whoop/
they may instead have apnoeas with cyanosis
apgar score is used to assess health of a new born baby.
describe the categories it looks at:
Pulse
Respiratory effort
Colour
Muscle tone
Reflex irritiability
9 y/o boy collapses.
does not respond to stimulation, no signs of respiration can be found after 10 seconds.
no foreign body in mouth.
next appropriate step according to paediatric basic life support guidelines:
5 rescue breaths
6 week old infant
- 4 day hx of poor feeding
- increased difficulty in breathing
OE
- blue tinge to lips
- ejection systolic murmur
underlying diagnosis?
decompensated heart disease with cyanosis (rules out VSD, coarctaction and PDA)
thus could be tetralogy of fallot or transposition of the great arteries.
CYANOTIC Congenital heart disease presenting within the first days of life: TGA
CYANOTIC Congenital heart disease presenting at 1-2 months of age is TOF
CYANOTIC Congenital heart disease presenting within the first days of life:
transposition of great arteries
CYANOTIC Congenital heart disease presenting at 1-2 months of age is:
tetralogy of fallot
components of tetralogy of fallot
- VSD
- right ventricular hypertrophy
- right ventricular outflow obstruction (pulmonary stenosis)
- overriding aorta
most common cardiac defect associated with Turner’s syndrome
bicuspid aortic valve
Turner’s syndrome is associated with what three heart conditions
- bicuspid aortic valve
- aortic root dilatation
- coarctation of aorta
Turner’s syndrome caused by:
- only one X chromosome, or deletion of short arm of one of the X chromosomes
- 45 XO, 45X
What is Osgood-Schlatter disease?
- osteochondrosis caused by inflammation at the tibial tuberosity
what condition is characterised by:
herniation of abdominal viscera into chest cavity due to incomplete formation of diaphragm
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- can result in pulmonary hypoplasia and hypertension which caused respiratory distress shortly after birth
6 month old baby
- 7 day hx fever & dry cough
- over past 24hrs, refusing milk, very few wet nappies
Obs
- 93% oxygen saturations on air
- RR 58
- HR 160bpm
- BP 85/45
- 38.1 TEMP
OE
- marked intercostal recession
- rapid breathing
- use of accessory muscles
- making a grunting noise
indicative of:
Bronchiolitis
- characterised by acute bronchiolar inflammation
most common pathogen present in bronchiolitis
- respiratory syncytial virus
average age child attains the ability to:
as ‘what’ and ‘who’ questions
3 years
