Paediatric Trauma Flashcards
Why do children’s fractures heal much quicker than adult fractures?
Children have a thicker periosteum which is a rich source of osteoblasts
Which joint(s) should be casted in a diaphyseal fracture in a child?
The joint both proximal and distal to the fracture
Which joint(s) should be casted in a metaphyseal fracture in a child?
Only the joint adjacent to the fracture
Which type of Salter-Harris fracture can be described as a pure physeal separation?
Type I
Which type of Salter-Harris fracture can be described as a physeal fracture which extends through the metaphysis, producing a chip fracture of the metaphysis?
Type II
Which is the most common type of Salter-Harris physeal fracture?
Type II
Which type of Salter-Harris fracture can be described as a physeal fracture that extends through the epiphysis?
Type III
Which type of Salter-Harris fracture can be described as a physeal fracture plus epiphyseal and metaphyseal fractures?
Type IV
Which type of Salter-Harris fracture can be described as a compression injury to the physis, with subsequent growth arrest?
Type V
What is the name for a fracture which occurs in children, when a bone bends or cracks instead of breaking completely, leaving some degree of continuity within the bone?
Greenstick fracture
Buckle (torus) fractures are incomplete fractures of the shaft of long bones that are characterised by what?
Bulging of the cortex
Buckle (torus) fractures are most likely to affect where?
Distal radial metaphysis
How are greenstick fractures treated?
Application of a cast
How are buckle (torus) fractures treated?
Splinting, rest and immobilisation for 3-4 weeks
What two neurovascular structures are most likely to be affected in a supracondylar fracture of the elbow?
Median nerve and brachial artery
