Paediatric oral pathology

Question 1

what are natal teeth ?

Answer 1

teeth at birth

Question 2

what are Neo natal teeth?

Answer 2

teeth that appear within 30 days of birth

Question 3

what are the 3 issue that arise form natal/ neonatal teeth ?

Answer 3

• mobile - risk of aspiration
• breast feeding
• riga fede (sublingual) ulceration
• if any of these occur we extract

Question 4

Other than neonatal/ natal teeth what other pathology could we see ?

Answer 4

Question 5

what do Epstein pearl look like?

Answer 5

Question 6

what do bone nodules look like?

Answer 6

Question 7

what is a congenital epulis of newborn

Answer 7

Question 8

when does teeth occur?

Answer 8

when primary teeth Start to come through
- around 9 months

Question 9

symptoms of teething

Answer 9

• interrupted sleep patterns

Question 10

what is an eruption cyst?

Answer 10

• treat with antibiotics

Question 11

what is regional odontodysplasia?

Answer 11

• usually wait for the teeth to come out and then extract

Question 12

what 3 things support the tooth ?

Answer 12

alveolar bone
PDL
cementum

*if any of these 3 things are compromised = premature loss of teeth

Question 13

what can cause premature loss of teeth ?

Answer 13

more alarming: signs of systemic aetiology
structural defects
cellular defects

Question 14

Give eg of alveolar bone destruction

Answer 14

langerhans cells
histiocytosis
acrodynia

Question 15

give eg of PDL linked problems

Answer 15

Ehlers danlos
vit c def

Question 16

give eg of cementum problems

Answer 16

hypophosphatasia

Question 17

give eg of cellular defects

Answer 17

neutrophil defects

Question 18

what can neutrophil defects be categorised into?

Answer 18

qualitative - cheidak higashi, papillion lefevre, leucocyte adhesion deficiency

quantitative - cyclic neutropenia, aplastic anaemia

Question 19

what is papillon lefevre syndrome?

Answer 19

keratosis on hands and feet
sever perio disease and bone loss

Question 20

how do we manage pavilion Lefevere

Answer 20

• good OHI
• local measures
• try to hold onto teeth

Question 21

how do we manage neutropenia pts

Answer 21

good OH

Question 22

describe epulids

Answer 22

• swelling or lump on gingiva
• sometimes need surgical removal

Question 23

what is a pyogenic granuloma

Answer 23

• can be seen very early on - vascularised
• later it looks a fibrosed epulis

Question 24

what is a peripheral giant cell granuloma ?

Answer 24

• alveolar bone loss on radiographs

Question 25

how can papilomas in mouth come about?

Answer 25

• children spreading viral papillomas and warts on fingers to mouth

Question 26

what is geographic tongue

Answer 26

asympotopmatic
can accord due to spicy foods or other stimuli

Question 27

what is gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 27

can occur secondary to drugs eg. phenytoin, cyclosporin and miphedopine

Question 28

how do we remove gingival hyperplasia ?

Answer 28

• surgically but if pts still on those drugs then may reoccur
• pts need to have good OH as the overgrowth is due to an exaggerated response to plaque
• we have drug alternative that we can speak to doc about

Question 29

what is a mucoextravagant cyst?

Answer 29

• traumatic damage to minor salivary duct or gland
• causes saliva to leak out of duct into surrounding tissues which then walls off sand becomes a cyst
• pt usually buries down on it then to becomes kertinaesd
• surgical removal under local or general anaesthetic

Question 30

what is a ranula?

Answer 30

• related to submandibular duct
• trying to surgery in this area is more difficult = marsupialsisation is done which exposes it and allows it to epithelialise over

Question 31

what is oral ulceration?

Answer 31

• use surgical sieve to help