Paediatric medications

Question 1

what medication do you commonly see used for children with heart failure?

Answer 1

captopril

Question 2

what antibiotics do we prescribe for a child septicaemia with normal CSF?

Answer 2

flucloxacillin

gentamicin

Question 3

what antis do we prescribe for a child septicaemia with UNKNOWN CSF?

Answer 3

flucloxacillin

cefotaxime

Question 4

what antibiotics do we prescribe for a less than 2 month old child suspected or proven meningitis?

Answer 4

cefotaxime + benzylpenicillin

Question 5

what antibiotics do we prescribe for a greater than 2 month old child suspected or proven meningitis?

Answer 5

ceftriaxone + dexamethasone

Question 6

what antibiotics do we prescribe for contacts to a patient with meningococcal infection?

Answer 6

rifampicin

Question 7

what antibiotics do we prescribe for a sick child with acute pyelonephritis?

Answer 7

gentamicin

benzylpenicillin

Question 8

what antibiotics do we prescribe for a not unwell child with a UTI?

Answer 8

bactrim

Question 9

what antibiotics do we prescribe for AOM in a child?

Answer 9

Consider no antibiotics for 48 hrs (especially if older than 2y old) or

Amoxycillin 15 mg/kg (500 mg) po 8H

Question 10

what antibiotics do we prescribe for severe pneumonia in a child?

Answer 10

Flucloxacillin 50 mg/kg (2 g) iv 4H and

Gent 7.5 (6 if older than 10y) mg/kg (360 mg) iv daily and

Azithromycin 15 mg/kg (500 mg) iv stat then 5mg/kg iv daily If considering Mycoplasma

Question 11

what antibiotics do we prescribe for OM or septic arthritis in a child?

Answer 11

Flucloxacillin 50 mg/kg (2 g) iv 4-6H

add Cefotaxime 50 mg/kg (2 g) iv 6-8H IF child is less than 5yrs or not Hib immunised

Question 12

what drug do they use for ADHD?

Answer 12

ritalin- a type of stimulant, is first line

Question 13

what is the commonest side effect of anti-cholinergics in children?

Answer 13

constipation, so often may need concurrent use of laxatives

Question 14

what is the risk of using aspirin in children?

Answer 14

Reye’s syndrome

Question 15

what drug is elocon?

Answer 15

mometasone fuorate

Question 16

what is pulmozyme?

Answer 16

A synthetic mucolytic known as dornase alfa.

Essentially is a DNA-ase which cleaves the DNA of WCC in lungs to decrease mucous viscosity and volume

Question 17

why is inhaled hypertonic saline used in CF?

Answer 17

usually CF patients are salt deficient anyway, so using a higher concentration of salt is good for them.

hypertonic saline works as a mucolytic agent, enabling the CF patient to expectorate sputum better especially after chest physio

Question 18

what are the key side effects of intranasal fentanyl in children?

Answer 18

hypotension
N+V
respiratory depression

Question 19

what is parachoc?

Answer 19

paraffin oil stool softener for constipation

Question 20

WHY DO WE GIVE DEXAMETHASONE/STEROIDS FOR CHILDREN WITH SUSPECTED/PROVEN MENINGITIS

Answer 20

reduces risk of bacterial meningitis associated hearing loss