General Medications Flashcards
what is breo eliptica?
fluticasone furoate and vilanterol
Allopurinol HS reaction gene that we test for is what?
HLAB5801
name some anti-cholinergic drugs
benztropine and benzhexol
prochlorperazine
hyoscine hydrobromide.
sedating antihistamines (eg promethazine, doxylamine)
drugs for bladder overactivity (eg oxybutynin, tolterodine)
some antipsychotics
tricyclic antidepressants (eg amitriptyline)
what are the drugs commonly used to treat PD?
levodopa
dopamine agonists- bromocriptine, pramipexole
Mao-B inhibitors
muscarinic Ach receptor antagonists
when is viagra contraindicated?
- severe cardiovascular disease
- recent MI
- concurrent use of nitrates
what is sinemet?
levodopa + carbidopa
what is stemitil?
prochlorperazine
Key SE of ace inhibitors
cough, renal impairment, hyperkalemia, hypotension
Key SE of calcium channel blockers
constipation, peripheral oedema
what drug can we sometimes use to prevent recurrent/chronic UTIs? what is preferred?
hexamine hippurate can sometimes be used. It acidifies the urine by conversion into ammonia, which is bacteriocidal. however evidence is not good for this drug, and often it is ineffective in renal/liver impairment. It is also contraindicated for gout as it may precipitate urate crystals.
preferred options- cranberry, vitamin C, regular fluids (prevent dehydration)
a patient comes in with known CCF requesting pain management for joint pain. Would you prescribe a NSAID?
no!
it can cause salt and fluid retention, and also contribute to renal impairment. This can push the patient into APO
what is ditropan?
oxybutynin
common SE of ARBs?
dizziness, headache, hyperkalaemia
what is the common theme between metoclopramide, domperidone, haloperidol and prochlorperazine?
all dopamine antagonist anti-emetics
why might domperidone be a better choice for PD patients?
doesn’t cross the BBB as readily so EPSE are rare
what is buscopan?
hyoscine butylbromide- smooth muscle relaxant for GI spasms
what are the five systems in the body which feed into the vomiting centre and how might they mediate emesis?
biochemical changes/drugs–> Chemoreceptor trigger zone
ICP–> pressure receptors
Movement–> Vestibular nucleus
anxiety –> Cerebral cortex
Gastric stasis/BO/constipation–> Gastrointestinal tract
what do we mean by ‘stoss dose’ for vitamin D?
a one off highly concentrated dose of vitamin D for vitamin d deficiency
how do we advise women who take transexamic acid for their heavy periods?
start 2 days before the period, and take daily during the period.
what is synaral?
GNRH agonist
when is transexamic acid contraindicated?
if the woman has a history of thromboembolic disease
