packet 1 part 4

Question 1

lungs

Answer 1

right + left, occupy most of thoracic cavity
apex is near clavicle (superior)
base rests on diaphragm (inferior)

each lung receives air from its secondary bronchus

Question 2

hilus indentation

Answer 2

on mediasternal process of each lung

region from where blood vessels, bronchi, + nerves enter/leave lungs

Question 3

cardiac notch-indentation

Answer 3

along mediaternal surface of each lung

Question 4

lobes

Answer 4

each lung is divided into lobes by fissures (walls of CT)

left lung: two lobes
right lung: three lobes

subdivide into hexagonal lobules

not anatomically partitioned, damage to one may not affect others

Question 5

covering of lungs: pulmonary (visceral) pleura

Answer 5

covers lung surface

Question 6

covering of lungs: parietal pleura

Answer 6

lines walls of thoracic cavity

Question 7

covering of lungs: pleural fluid

Answer 7

fills area between layers of pleura to allow lungs to glide easily over thorax wall during breathing movement

produce serous fluid that reduces friction and keeps lungs to thorax wall which keeps lungs inflated

pleura holds lungs tightly in pleural space which is essential to normal breathing

Question 8

pleurisy

Answer 8

inflammation of pleura

caused by decreased secretion of pleural fluid

pleural surfaces become dry + rough, friction + stabbing with each breath

Question 9

pleural effusion

Answer 9

pleural produce excessive amounts of fluid, exerts pressure on lungs

hinders breathing movemebts, not as painful as pleurisy