Pack 2A definitions

Question 1

hydrocarbons

Answer 1

organic compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only

Question 2

saturated hydrocarbon

Answer 2

hydrocarbon with single bonds only

Question 3

unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 3

hydrocarbon containing carbon to carbon multiple bonds

Question 4

aliphatic hydrocarbon

Answer 4

hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains

Question 5

alicyclic hydrocarbon

Answer 5

hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure

Question 6

functional group

Answer 6

the part of the organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions

Question 7

homologous series

Answer 7

a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member of the group differing by CH2

Question 8

Alkanes

Answer 8

the homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+2

Question 9

Nomenclature

Answer 9

a system of naming compounds

Question 10

alkyl group

Answer 10

an alkane with a hydrogen atom removed e.g. CH3, C2H5

an alkyl group is often shown as ‘R’

Question 11

general formula

Answer 11

the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series. e.g. alkanes —> CnH2n+2

Question 12

displayed formula

Answer 12

shows the relative positioning of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them

Question 13

structural formula

Answer 13

the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

Question 14

skeletal formula

Answer 14

a simplified organic formula, with hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups