module 2 bonding and structure

Question 1

compound

Answer 1

a substance formed from2 or more chemically bonded elements in a fixed ration, usually shown by a chemical formula

Question 2

ionic bond

Answer 2

the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 3

giant ionic lattice

Answer 3

3d structure of oppositely charged ions held together by strong ionic bonds

Question 4

group

Answer 4

vertical column in the periodic table. elements in a group have similar chemical properties and the same n.o of valence electrons.

Question 5

covalent bond

Answer 5

bond formed from a pair of shared electrons

Question 6

a lone pair

Answer 6

an outer shell pair of electrons that are not involved in chemical bonding
a lone pair gives a concentrated region of negative charge around the atom, influencing the chemistry of the molecule in a number of ways.

Question 7

dative covalent/ coordinate bond

Answer 7

a shared pair of electrons that has been provided by one of the bonding atoms only

Question 8

electronegativity

Answer 8

a measure of the attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 9

permanent dipole

Answer 9

a small charge difference across a bond that results from a difference in the electronagativities of the bonded atoms.eg. a polar covalent bond has a permanant dipole.

Question 10

polar dipole

Answer 10

has an overall dipole when you take in to account any dipoles across the bonds

Question 11

intermolecular force

Answer 11

weak attractive force between neighbouring molecules

Question 12

permanant dipole-dipole force

Answer 12

weak attractive force between permanent dipoles in neighbouring polar molecules

Question 13

van der Walls’ forces

Answer 13

attractive forces between induced dipoles in neighbouring molecules.