Pack 1 Flashcards
Christianity
East-west schism 1054
Catholicism
orthadox
Islam
Sunni - led by temporal leaders, the first 4 caliphs
Shi’ite - led by Ali, son-in-law of Mohammed + heir to his divine authority
Living conditions in Western Europe
Houses made of mud, wattle + thatch
Small, dark houses
Life expectancy - 30
50% infant mortality
Social hierarchy in west EU
Why’s it a simplification
Feudal system
There were different positions in each of the ranks with some holding more power than others and having more money
What was the papacy
Office of the pope
How was the relationship between the church leaders and rulers of western EU mutually beneficial
Rulers were able to claim that their authority came from God and in return, the Popes were given military protection from danger
Ecclesiastical
To do with the church
Purgatory
In between place where your sins are cleansed
Penance
Way of gaining purity - through prayer, devotion to good works and pilgrimages
Increased persons chances of getting into heaven
Pilgrimage
Journey for religious reasons
Indulgence
Reduction of exemption from punishment for sins committed during one’s life
Remission of sins
Priests formal pronouncement of forgiveness of the sins of a person who expressed repentance
Relic
Religious object
Touching or kissing it was believed to cure illness and cleanse sins
What did the pope want to see 1073-1095
A clearer division between the sacred and the worldly in matters such as clerical marriage and church abuses
Needed to be reformed
Battle of Manzikert
1071 - Byzantine suffered major loss which prompted the emperor to seek help from west
W- called for holy war, leading to the crusades
Captured emperor
