P5 - Waves in matter Flashcards

1
Q

Define Amplitude

A

The distance from the undisturbed rest position to the peak or trough of a wave.

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2
Q

Define Wavelength, and how it’s different between longitudinal waves and transverse waves

A

The distance from one point on the wave to the same point on the next wave.

Transverse wave:
- The wavelength can be measured from one peak to the next peak.

Longitudinal wave:
- The wavelength can be measured from the centre of one compression to the centre of the next.

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3
Q

Wavelength symbol

A

λ (Lambda)

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4
Q

Define Frequency

A

The number of waves passing a point in a second.

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5
Q

Define time period

A
  • The time taken for a single wave to pass a point.
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6
Q

Equation for time period

A

T = 1/f

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7
Q

Equation for wave speed

A
  • Wave speed = Frequency x Wavelength
  • v = f x λ

v = wave speed in metres per second (m/s)
f = frequency in Hertz (Hz)
λ = wavelength in metres (m)

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8
Q

Equation for frequency

A

f = 1/T

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9
Q

Define waves

A
  • Waves are repeated oscillations that transfer energy.
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10
Q

Define transverse waves

A
  • Waves where the direction of vibrations and energy transfer is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave.
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11
Q

Define longitudinal waves

A
  • Waves where the direction of vibrations and energy transfer is the same as the direction of the wave.
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12
Q

Law of incidence

A

Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

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13
Q

What happens when light enters a ‘less optically dense’ material?

A
  • The light will speed up.
  • The light is refracted further away from the normal.
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14
Q

What happens when light enters a ‘more optically dense’ material?

A
  • The light slows down.
  • The light is refracted closer to the normal.
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