C1 - Particles Keywords

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The smallest particle of an element. Atoms have a nucleus containing protons and (usually) neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells.

Question 2

Atomic Number

Answer 2

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 3

Atomic Radius

Answer 3

Half the diameter of an atom.

Question 4

Bond

Answer 4

Attractive force between two particles

Question 5

Bond length

Answer 5

The distance between the centre of two atoms that are chemically joined together.

Question 6

Chemical Symbol

Answer 6

Letter / letters used by chemists to represent an element e.g. mercury is Hg

Question 7

Electrons

Answer 7

Subatomic Particle surrounding the nucleus of an atom. It has a relative charge of -1 and a very small mass.

Question 8

Element

Answer 8

A substance whose atoms have the same atomic number.

Question 9

Ion

Answer 9

Charged particles formed when an atom, or group of atoms, lose or gain electrons.

Question 10

Isotopes

Answer 10

Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons, are isotopes of the same element.

Question 11

Mass Number

Answer 11

Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 12

Molecule

Answer 12

Particles consisting of two or more non-metal atoms chemically joined together by covalent bonds.

Question 13

Neutron

Answer 13

Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has no charge and a relative mass of 1.

Question 14

Nucleus

Answer 14

Positively charged central part of the atom, made up of protons and neutrons.

Question 15

Plum-pudding Model

Answer 15

outdated model of the atom in which electrons are embedded in a sphere of positive charge.

Question 16

Protons

Answer 16

Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has a relative charge of +1 and a relative mass of 1.

Question 17

Shell

Answer 17

Region of space in an atom that can hold a certain number of electrons.

Question 18

Subatomic particle

Answer 18

Particles from which atoms are made, including protons, neutrons and electrons.

Question 19

Chemical Change

Answer 19

Change that produces new substances.

Question 20

Chemical Reaction

Answer 20

Process in which substances react to form different substances.

Question 21

Electrostatic forces

Answer 21

Forces of attrction or repulsion between electrically charged particles.

Question 22

Matter

Answer 22

Anything that has mass.

Question 23

Model

Answer 23

Description, analogy, or equation that helps you to explain the physical world.

Question 24

Particle

Answer 24

Tiny piece of matter, such as an atom, ion or molecule.

Question 25

Particle Model

Answer 25

Scientific idea used to explain the properties of solids, liquids and gases.

Question 26

Physical change

Answer 26

Change, such as changes in state that doesn’t result in a new substance being formed.

Question 27

State

Answer 27

The form that a substance has (soli, liquid or gas) under given conditions of temperature and pressure.